France - November 2023

The government has recorded an increase in anti-semitic violence in France linked to the Israel-Hamas conflict. The Interior Ministry reported 1,247 anti-semitic incidents in the first month after the outbreak of the war on 7 October (almost three times as many as in the whole of 2022). France is home to Europe’s largest Jewish population, totalling nearly 500,000 people, though the French Jewish population was decimated under the Vichy regime during World War II. In response, protests against anti-semitism mobilized an estimated 182,000 people in over 70 events across France.

Sources: France24, Al Jazeera, Le Monde (1), Le Monde (2), BFMTV, RFI