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Daniel Noboa, a right-of-centre entrepreneur running for the National Democratic Action coalition (Accion Democratica Nacional, ADN), was elected president on 15 October, in a run-off election. He defeated Luisa Gonzalez, a politician aligned with ‘Correismo’, a political…

In Senatorial elections held on 24 September, the Les Républicains party, together with its centre-right allies, held on to its dominant position in the Senate. President Macron faced further setbacks in the legislature, after his party lost its…

The populist left-wing Smer party led by former Prime Minister Robert Fico won early parliamentary elections, held on 30 September. Smer won 22.94 per cent of the vote and 42 of the 150 seats in the country’s unicameral Parliament. A total of seven parties will be represented…

In general elections held on 8 October, a total of seven parties passed the required threshold to be represented in Parliament. All 60 seats of the Chamber of Deputies, Luxembourg’s unicameral legislature, were contested. The opposition Christian Social Party (CSV) won…

General elections were held in Liberia on 11 October. Voters chose all the members of the House of Representatives, half the members of the Senate, and also voted in the first round of the presidential election. Turnout was 79 per cent of registered voters, up from 72 per cent…

On 14 October, Australian voters decisively rejected a proposal (via referendum) to recognise Indigenous people in the constitution and to establish a First Nations voice in parliament. Voter turnout was at…

The conservative National Party defeated the incumbent Labour Party in New Zealand’s 2023 general election on 14 October. Although Labour lost half of its seats and media described the election as a “landslide”, the National Party still needed to secure the support of…

Following parliamentary elections held on 15 October, the incumbent Law and Justice (PiS) party won the largest share of the vote (35.4 per cent), but it was unable to hold onto its majority in Parliament. All seats in both houses of Parliament (the Sejm and the Senate) were…

On 22 October, Switzerland held federal elections to elect all members of the National Council (the lower parliamentary house with a total of 200 seats) and the Council of States (the smaller, upper house with 46 seats). The right-wing Swiss People’s Party (SVP) won the…

On 22 October, Argentina held its general elections with a turnout of 77.7 per cent (with compulsory voting from the age of 18). Peronist Economy Minister Sergio Massa and Javier Milei emerged as the leading presidential candidates, earning 36.7 per cent and 30 per cent…

Oman conducted general elections on 29 October to elect 90 members to the Majlis Al-Shura Council for its tenth term, spanning 2023 to 2027. There were a total of 843 candidates, including 32 women. The elections saw a record turnout of 65.9 per cent, with more than 753,…

In the first round of the presidential election in October, leading candidates Joseph Boakai of the Unity Party (UP) and incumbent President George Weah of the Coalition for Democratic Change (CDC) were separated by less than one per cent of the vote. Voters were asked to choose between these…

In a significant shift in Argentina's political landscape, the presidential run-off on 19 November saw a resounding victory for Javier Milei. Despite falling behind Sergio Massa by nearly 1.8 million votes in the first round, Milei secured 55.7 per cent of votes in the second…

On 22 November, the country held early general elections to elect the members of the House of Representatives following the collapse of the fourth Rutte cabinet in July, triggered by immigration policy disagreements among the coalition partners. The right-wing…

President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi was re-elected for a third term in office, winning 89.6 per cent of the vote in presidential elections held between 10 and 12 December. According to Egypt's National Election Authority, the electoral process was marked by a record turnout of…

Madagascar’s presidential election was held on 16 November, resulting in a victory on the first ballot for incumbent President Andry Rajoelina. Ten of the twelve other candidates decided to boycott the election late the process, thus leaving their names on the ballots.…

Early parliamentary, local and Vojvodina provincial elections were held on 17 December. Aleksandar Vučić – Serbia Must Not Stop electoral list led by the Serbian Progressive Party (SNS) won nearly 47 per cent of the vote, while opposition parties under the Serbia Against…

On 17 December, in the country's second constitutional referendum, a majority of Chileans voted against the proposed new constitution. 55 per cent of voters rejected a draft that had been prepared by a Constitutional Council in which right-wing and far-right members were the…

Chad completed a key step in its path to civilian government on 17 December when a new constitution was approved by referendum, with 85.9 per cent of those who voted (turnout was 62.9 per cent) supporting ratification. The referendum result was challenged in court by a…

On 18 December, Iraq conducted its first set of provincial elections since 2013. The Independent High Electoral Commission announced the preliminary results, with a turnout of 41 per cent despite a boycott by influential cleric Muqtada al-Sadr. The ruling Shia…

General elections (for members of local councils, the National Assembly and the president) were held on 20 December. The context included a lack of transportation infrastructure, violent conflict in the east, and many thousands of internally displaced persons. The voting…

Tunisia held two rounds of elections to select members of local councils for a five-year term. These elections represent a significant step towards the establishment of the National Council of Regions and Districts, which will serve as a second chamber in the Tunisian…

On 7 January, Sheikh Hasina secured her fourth consecutive term as prime minister when her party, the Awami League (AL), won 223 of 300 parliamentary seats. Independent candidates, most of them allied to AL won 62 seats, while the main opposition Bangladesh Nationalist…

Bhutan held the fourth parliamentary election in its democratic history on 9 January. Former Prime Minister Tshering Tobgay’s People’s Democratic Party (PDP) won 30 of the 47 National Assembly seats, with Bhutan Tendrel Party declared as the opposition party and securing…

Lai Chin-te of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) won Taiwan’s presidential election on 13 January, securing 40.05 per cent of the vote in the three-way presidential race. Hsiao Bi-khim was elected as vice president. Voter turnout stood at 71.86 per cent, slightly…

Comoros held elections for the national presidency and the governors of the three largest islands on 14 January. The Independent National Election Commission (Commission Electoral National Independante, CENI) reported that the incumbent president Azali Assoumani won re-…

On 11 February, Alexander Stubb from the center-right National Coalition Party (NCP) won 51.6 per cent of the vote in the run-off against Pekka Haavisto, who received 48.4 per cent. Haavisto is a member of the centre-left Green Party but ran as an independent…

On 4 February, Nayib Bukele was re-elected as president by 84.6 per cent of cast votes. This is more than ten times the number of votes won by the second-place candidate.  The Tribunal Supremo Electoral carried out a recount of 30 per cent of presidential ballots and all legislative votes,…

Azerbaijan held snap presidential elections on 7 February in which President Ilham Aliyev was elected to a fifth term in office. Aliyev, who took office in 2003, received 92.12 per cent of the vote with 76 per cent voter turnout, although neither number could be…

Pakistan held its general election on 8 February to elect representatives for the National Assembly and the prime minister. Preliminary election results show that independent candidates won 101 of the 336 National Assembly seats, the majority of which are affiliated with jailed ex-Prime Minister…

Indonesia held general elections on 14 February 2024 for president, vice president, both houses of parliament and local and regional offices. Final election results released on 21 March showed Minister of Defense Prabowo Subianto and his vice presidential running mate…

Cambodia held elections for the upper house of parliament on 25 February. Hun Sen’s ruling Cambodian People’s Party (CPP) won 55 of 58 contested seats, down from 58 seats in the previous parliament (four additional seats are appointed, two by the King and two by the…

Belarus held parliamentary elections on 25 February for 110 seats in the lower house and 12,000 seats on local councils. The opposition boycotted or was refused registration, meaning all 110 MPs are members of parties loyal to President Alyaksandr…

On 1 March, Iran held parliamentary elections for all 290 seats of its Islamic Consultative Assembly, although contests for 45 of these seats will go to a second round in April or May, due to the fact that the winning candidates had failed to secure 20 per cent of the vote. The…

Ireland held two referendums on 8 March, one to change the family amendment and one to change the care amendment in the constitution. Proponents of these amendments…

On 10 March, Portugal held an early general election, after Prime Minister Antonio Costa (Socialist Party) resigned in November over corruption allegations. The 230 seats in Portugal’s unicameral Parliament were contested across 22 constituencies…

Russia held presidential elections from 15 to 17 March in which President Vladimir Putin secured a fifth term in office against no meaningful opposition. According to the Central Election Commission, Putin secured 87.3 per cent of the vote on 77.44 per cent turnout, up from 77.5 per…

Slovakia held presidential elections, with the first round on 23 March and the second round on 6 April. The nationalist-left government candidate, Peter Pellegrini won over the opposition candidate, Ivan Korčok with 53.0 per cent of the vote. The voter…

Senegal’s presidential election (originally scheduled for 25 February) was held on 24 March. Bassirou Diomaye Faye of the African Patriots of Senegal for Work, Ethics and Fraternity (Patriotes africains du Sénégal pour le travail, l’éthique et la fraternité, PASTEF) won…

On 4 April, Kuwait held its fourth national election in four years, attempting to resolve its prolonged political deadlock. The snap election that took place during the month of Ramadan was called after Kuwait’s new emir Sheikh Mishal, who took office last December, dissolved…

South Korea’s parliamentary election on 10 April delivered a landslide victory to the opposition Democratic Party and its satellite party [political entities aligned with major political parties], securing 175 of the 300 National Assembly (NA) seats but falling just short of a supermajority. The…

The Solomon Islands held a general election on 17 April in which incumbent Prime Minister Manasseh Sogavare’s OUR Party secured a plurality with 15 of 50 seats in parliament. Sogavare announced during coalition-building negotiations that he would not seek another term and…

In the parliamentary elections held on 17 April, the conservative Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) remained the largest group with 34.4 per cent of the vote (winning 61 out of 151 seats, six fewer than they won in 2020), while the Social Democratic Party…

India held its general elections from 19 April to 1 June, conducted over seven phases. The ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) of Prime Minister Narendra Modi won 240 seats, falling short of an outright majority, and needed to form a coalition government for…

The Maldives parliamentary election on 21 April delivered a landslide victory for President Mohamed Muizzu’s ruling People’s National Congress (PNC), which secured 66 out of the 93-member house seats, while the opposition Maldivian Democratic Party won 12 seats. Voter…

On 21 April, through a single ballot, citizens participated in both a binding referendum on constitutional amendments and a consultative plebiscite on other questions. Citizens voted ‘Yes’ to referendum questions related to amending the constitution to permit armed forces to support the national…

Togo’s legislative elections, originally scheduled for 13 April but held on 29 April, were won by President Faure Gnassingbé’s ruling party, the Union for the Republic (Union Pour la République, UNIR), with provisional results showing it had secured 108 (96 per cent) of the 113…

On 5 May, Panama held elections to choose its president, members of the National Assembly, members of the Central American Parliament, mayors and other local leaders. José Raúl Mulino was elected president with the support of 34.3 per cent of voters, nearly ten percentage points ahead of second…

On 6 May, Chad held presidential elections that formally ended the three-year rule of the country’s transitional military government. Former interim president, Mahamat Déby, of the Patriotic Salvation Movement (Mouvement Patriotique du Salut, MPS) won the…

On 26 May, the incumbent President Gitanas Nausėda (Independent) was re-elected for a second five-year term in a run-off against Prime Minister Ingrida Šimonytė of the centre-right Homeland Union party (Tėvynės sąjunga-Lietuvos krikščionys demokratai). Nausėda, a former economist at a…

Dominican Republic President Luis Abinader, candidate for the Modern Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Moderno, PRM), won re-election for a four-year term in the 19 May general election. He secured 57.4 per cent of the vote, defeating former President Leonel Fernández, who received 28.…

On 29 May, Madagascar held legislative elections for 163 members of the National Assembly, the lower chamber of the country’s parliament. According to provisional results released by the electoral commission (Madagascar’s electoral commission (Commission électorale nationale…

On 29 May, South Africa held general elections for the National Assembly (the lower chamber of the national parliament), and the nine provincial legislatures. Official results showed that the incumbent African National Congress (ANC) had won the largest share of the National…

In the presidential elections that took place on 1 June, the top three candidates were women. Halla Tómasdóttir, an independent candidate, won with 34 per cent of the votes in the first-past-the-post voting system…

On 2 June, more than 20,000 public officials were chosen in general elections (including members of federal and local legislatures, governors, mayors and council members). Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo was elected as Mexico’s first woman president, with 59.4 per cent of votes. Sheinbaum ran as…

On 9 June, voters elected regional and federal parliaments, and Belgium’s members of the European Parliament. Right-leaning, reformist parties gained more support over the far right and far left. The right-wing New Flemish Alliance (N-VA) remained the…

On 9 June, following the collapse of a nine-month coalition between the centre-right Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria-Union of Democratic Forces (GERB-UDF) and the centrist We Continue the Change – Democratic Bulgaria (PP-DB) in March,…

Mongolia held a parliamentary election on 28 June in which the ruling Mongolian People’s Party secured a slim majority of 68 seats out of 126 seats, while the main opposition Democratic Party secured 42 seats, an increase from previous years where DPP won 11 out of the-…

Mauritania’s presidential election was held on 30 June and was won by incumbent Mohamed Ould Cheikh El Ghazouani. According to the results released by the country’s Independent National Electoral Commission (CENI), Ghazouani secured a second term with 56.12 per cent of the vote…

On 4 July, the United Kingdom held a general election in which 650 seats for the House of Commons, the lower parliamentary house, were contested. The Labour Party, led by Keir Starmer, won a majority of 411 seats with a vote share of 33.7 per cent…

On 5 July, presidential candidate Masoud Pezeshkian, representing the reformist political faction, won the second round of the Iranian presidential election with 53.7 percent of the vote. He defeated his hardline opponent, Saeed Jalili. Voter turnout reached 49.8 percent, higher than the…

On 30 June, France held early legislative elections. In the first round, 577 seats of the lower parliamentary house, the National Assembly, were contested. A second round of voting took place on 7 July. The newly created coalition of left-wing parties, the New…

Syria held parliamentary elections on 15 July in the 70 per cent of Syrian territory controlled by President Bashar al-Assad. According to the Higher Judicial Committee for Elections (HJCE), 1,516 candidates ran for the 250 seats in the Syrian People’s Assembly (Majlis Al-Shaab…

Rwanda’s presidential and legislative elections were held on 15 July. The presidential contest was won by incumbent, Paul Kagame, who secured a fourth term with over 99 per cent of the vote, according to the official results released by the National Electoral Commission (NEC). Frank…

On 28 July, Venezuela held presidential elections. According to the National Electoral Council (Consejo Nacional Electoral, CNE), a Maduro-allied body, incumbent Nicolas Maduro was re-elected with 51 per cent of votes, with the Unitary Platform’s candidate, Edmundo…

The ruling New Azerbaijan Party (YAP) of President Ilham Aliyev retained its dominant place in Parliament in a snap parliamentary election held on 1 September. YAP retained 68 of 125 seats, with the remainder going to loyal independent MPs or allied parties. The nominally…

On 7 September, Algeria's incumbent President, Abdelmadjid Tebboune of the National Liberation Front (FLN), was re-elected for a second term with 84.3 per cent of the vote, according to results confirmed by the Constitutional Court. Of the 16 candidates who submitted their…

On 10 September, Jordan held legislative elections to choose 138 members of its House of Representatives, the lower house of Parliament. A total of 1,623 candidates ran for these seats, 23.4 per cent of which were women. The Islamic Action Front (IAF) emerged as the leading party, securing…

Anura Kumara Dissanayake of the National People’s Power (NPP) alliance won the presidential election held on 21 September, securing 42.3 per cent of the vote. A record 38 contenders took part in the initial presidential race, with no female candidates. The…

On 29 September, the “far-right” Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) won a party record by winning 57 of the 183 parliamentary seats, securing 28.8 per cent of the vote in the legislative elections. Chancellor Karl Nehammer’s Austrian Peoples Party (ÖVP) secured 51 seats, with a…

Incumbent President Kais Saied won the presidential election on 6 October, securing a second term with 90.69 per cent of the vote in the first round. He faced only two male opponents: Ayachi Zammel, the imprisoned Azimoun party leader, who received 7.35 per cent of the vote,…

On 9 October, Mozambique held general elections to select the President and members of the unicameral Assembly of the Republic and the provincial assemblies. According to the provisional results announced by the National Elections Commission (Comissão Nacional de Eleições, CNE…

Lithuania held legislative elections for the 141-seat Seimas, with the first round on 13 October and a run-off on 27 October. The Social Democratic Party (LSDP) won 52 seats (19.3 per cent of the vote share), surpassing the incumbent Homeland Union-Christian Democrats of…

On 26 October, Georgia held a parliamentary election in which all 150 seats were contested under a fully proportional system for the first time. The incumbent right-wing Georgian Dream remained the largest party and won 89 seats with a vote share of 53.93 per cent. The centre-…

On 27 October, Uruguay held general elections. Voter turnout was 89.52 per cent, similar to the 90,13 per cent recorded  in the last elections in 2019 (voting is compulsory). Uruguayans had the option to vote for one of 11 presidential tickets, all led by…

Uzbekistan held elections for the Qonunchilik palatasi, the lower house of parliament, on 27 October. The ruling Uzbekistan Liberal Democratic Party increased its representation in the 150-seat chamber…

On 27 October, snap parliamentary elections were held for the 240-seat Parliament, after June’s elections failed to produce a governing coalition. The incumbent centre-right Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria-Union of Democratic Forces (GERB-UDF) received a vote…

On 27 October, Japan held snap elections for the House of Representatives, the lower house of parliament. Prime Minister Ishiba’s Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) lost 68 seats but remains the largest party in the House of Representatives with 191 out of 465 seats (41.1 per cent). The main…

On 30 October, Botswana held general elections for the unicameral National Assembly and local councils. An opposition coalition, the Umbrella for Democratic Change (UDC), emerged as winners of the national contest, securing a majority of the vote (59.0 per cent) and 36 of the…

Moldova held a two-round presidential election on 20 October and 3 November. The incumbent President Maia Sandu of the Party of Action and Solidarity (PAS) led in the first round with 42.49 per cent of the vote, ahead of Alexandr Stoianoglo of the Party of Socialists of the…

On 5 November Donald Trump was elected president after winning 312 electoral votes (and 49.9 per cent of the popular vote), compared to the Democratic candidate Kamala Harris’s 226 electoral votes (and 48.4 per cent of the popular vote). The latest data suggests voter turnout…

Opposition coalition, the Alliance for Change (Alliance du Changement) won Mauritius’ legislative elections held on 10 November, securing 60 of the 62 (96.8 per cent) directly elected seats in the unicameral National Assembly. The…

Sri Lanka held snap parliamentary elections on 14 November, following left-leaning leader Anura Kumara Dissanayake’s presidential win in October. Dissanayake’s National People’s Power coalition secured a historic super majority in parliament with 159 out of 225 seats (70.6 per cent). This marks…

Gabon passed a key milestone in its democratic transition on 16 November as voters approved a new constitution in a referendum, over a year after a coup d'état ended the 55-year rule of the Bongo family. According to the Constitutional Court, which validated the result on 29…

Senegal’s legislative elections, held on 17 November, were won by the country’s governing party, the African Patriots of Senegal for Work, Ethics and Fraternity (Patriotes africains du Sénégal pour le travail, l'éthique et la fraternité, PASTEF), which secured 130 of the 165 (…

Namibia’s ruling party, the South West Africa People’s Organisation (SWAPO) won the country’s general election, which was originally scheduled for 27 November but later extended in some areas to 30 November. Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah won the presidential election with 58.1 per…

Ireland held early general elections on 29 November, after Prime Minister Simon Harris announced a snap election in a bid to secure another term for his Fine Gael party, which has been in office since 2011, and in a three-party coalition in the last mandate. Out of the 174 seats of the Dáil…

Iceland held early parliamentary elections on 30 November, the sixth since 2008. Prime Minister Bjarni Benediktsson, who came to power in April after his predecessor resigned, called for elections in October after ending the coalition between his Independence Party, the Progressive Party, and…

The ruling Social Democratic Party (PSD) won parliamentary elections held on 1 December, in which the 331 seats in the Chamber of Deputies (the lower parliamentary house), and the 136 seats in the Senate (the upper house) were up for election. PSD won the largest vote share in both chambers but…

On 7 December, former President John Dramani Mahama won Ghana’s presidential election with 56.4 per cent of the vote, defeating Vice President Mahamudu Bawumia, who secured 41.8 per cent. Voter turnout stood at 64.0 per cent, down from 79.0 per cent in 2020. The election also…

On 29 December, Croatia held the first round of its presidential elections, but no candidate secured a majority. A run-off will take place on 12 January. Incumbent President Zoran Milanović, backed by the Social Democratic Party (SDP), received the most votes with 49.1 per cent. Dragan Primorac…

On 29 December, Chad held legislative elections, continuing its democratic transition that began after the 2021 unconstitutional change of government that first brought to power the country’s recently elected President, Mahamat Déby. It was also Chad’s first legislative election since 2011…

On 12 January, Comoros held parliamentary elections, with the Convention pour le Renouveau des Comores (CRC) winning 28 out of 33 seats, according to the Independent National Election Commission. Voter turnout was recorded at 66.3 per cent,…

Vanuatu held snap general elections on 16 January in which no political party won a majority in the 52-seat parliament. While the election was called as a result of persistent political instability in the country, the question of how to rebuild from a major…

Belarus held a presidential election on 26 January in which incumbent Alyaksandr Lukashenka won his seventh straight term. According to the Central Election Commission, Lukashenka won 87.5 per cent of the vote on 85.7 per cent turnout, up from 84.3 per cent in the previous election. The election…

On 9 February, Ecuadorians voted for the President, members of the National Assembly, and members of the Andean Parliament. Incumbent Daniel Noboa and leftist candidate Luisa Gonzalez will head to a runoff on 13 April after a tight presidential race. Noboa obtained 44.2 per cent of votes, while…

In the parliamentary elections of 9 February, incumbent Prime Minister Albin Kurti and his Vetevendosje party (VV) came first with 42.3 per cent of the vote, winning 48 out of Parliament’s 120 seats. The Democratic Party of Kosovo (PDK) received 20.9 per cent (24 seats) and the Democratic League…

On 15 February, Togo conducted its first Senate election, completing its transition to an ‘assembly independent’ political system, under constitutional reforms promulgated in 2024. Forty-one of the 61 Senators were indirectly elected by municipal…

On 23 February, Germany held an early federal legislative election after the coalition government collapsed in November 2024. The conservative Christian Democratic Union parties (CDU) led by Friedrich Merz and its sister party Christian Social Union (CSU) won the elections with 28.6 per cent of…

Chad held indirect Senatorial elections on 25 February, which were the first in its history and were won by President Mahamat Déby’s ruling party, the Patriotic Salvation Movement (Mouvement Patriotique du Salut, MPS). According to official results, MPS secured 43 of the 46…

Tajikistan held elections for the Assembly of Representatives on 2 March in which the ruling People’s Democratic Party maintained control of the parliament, winning 49 of 63 seats and 52.5 per cent of votes. The Central Commission for Elections and Referendums reported 85.4…

On 12 April, Gabon held its first presidential election since the 2023 coup (which had immediately followed the August 2023 general presidential elections), four months ahead of the schedule set out in the transitional charter. The sitting transitional president and coup…

On 28 April, Canada held its 45th General Election. With 43.7 per cent of the vote, the Liberal Party will remain in government, though it fell short (by three seats) of the 172 seats required for a majority. Mark Carney will continue as Prime Minister. The Conservative Party…

On 28 April, Trinidad and Tobago held a general election to elect all members of the House of Representatives, following the recent dissolution of Parliament by Prime Minister Stuart Young.  The opposition party, the United National Congress (UNC), secured a landslide victory, with party…

On 3 May, Australia held the 48th federal election for both the House of Representatives and the Senate. The Labor Party, led by Anthony Albanese, secured a second consecutive term, winning 94 of 150 seats in the House of Representatives, with the opposition Liberal-National…

On 3 May, Singapore’s People’s Action Party won a decisive victory in the country’s general election, securing 87 of 97 seats and 65.6 per cent of the popular vote. The main opposition Workers’ Party maintained its 10 seats. The Elections Department reported 92.5 per cent…

On 18 May, Nicușor Dan won the second round of Romania’s presidential election with 53.6 per cent of the vote. Dan ran as an independent candidate, and has served as mayor of Bucharest since 2020. George Simion, leader of the Alliance for the Unity of Romanians (AUR)…

On 11 May, Albania held its parliamentary elections, in which the ruling Socialist Party (SP) won 52.2 per cent of the vote, securing Prime Minister Edi Rama an unprecedented fourth term. The SP will hold 83 of 140 seats in Parliament—just one short of the number needed for…

On 12 May, the Philippines held national and local midterm elections, with over 18,000 elective seats available, including local officials, 317 parliamentary representatives and 12 Senate seats. According to preliminary results, the Marcos administration retained its majority…

On 1 June, Karol Nawrocki, an independent candidate supported by the Law and Justice party (PiS) narrowly won the second round of Poland’s presidential election with 50.9 per cent of the vote. Rafał Trzaskowski, member of the incumbent Civic Platform party and mayor of Warsaw…

On 18 May, Portugal held a snap legislative election after the minority government of Prime Minister Luis Montenegro lost a confidence vote. The Democratic Alliance (AD) won the election with 31.8 per cent of the vote, securing 91 seats in the 230-…

On 25 May, Suriname held parliamentary elections for its National Assembly. These were the first elections held since the 2023 electoral reform, which introduced a proportional representation system within a single national constituency. The National Democratic Party (NDP) secured 18 seats,…

On 25 May, Venezuela held elections to choose National Assembly deputies, local lawmakers and regional governments. According to the National Electoral Council, the ruling party (Simon Bolivar Great Patriotic Pole) attained 82.6 per cent of votes for parliament, and 23 out of…

House of Councillors election is scheduled for 20 July 2025.

Presidential and Parliamentary (Chamber of Deputies and Senators) elections are scheduled for 17 August 2025.

National Assembly election is scheduled for 1 September 2025.

Parliamentary election is scheduled for 8 September 2025.

Presidential and National Assembly elections are scheduled for 16 September 2025.

National Assembly election is scheduled for 27 September 2025. Date not confirmed.

Parliamentary election is scheduled for 28 September 2025.

House of Representatives election is scheduled for 30 September 2025. Date not confirmed.

Chamber of Deputies election is scheduled for 3 October 2025.

Presidential election is scheduled for 25 October 2025.

Senate and Chamber of Deputies elections are scheduled for 26 October 2025.

Presidential and National Assembly elections are scheduled for 28 October 2025.

Presidential election is scheduled for 31 October 2025. Date not confirmed.

Council of Representatives election is scheduled for 11 November 2025.

Presidential election is scheduled for 11 November 2025. Date not confirmed.

Presidential and Parliamentary (Chamber of Deputies and Senate) elections are scheduled for 16 November 2025.

Presidential and People's National Assembly elections are scheduled for 23 November 2025.

Presidential and National Congress elections are scheduled for 30 November 2025.

Presidential and Parliamentary (Chamber of Deputies and Senate) elections are scheduled in late 2025. Date not confirmed.

National Assembly election is scheduled in December 2025. Date not confirmed.

Presidential and National Assembly elections are scheduled in December 2025. Date not confirmed.

Expected by January 2026.

The National Assembly election is scheduled for 11 January 2026.

The general election is scheduled to be held on 12 January 2026.

The general election is scheduled to be held on 1 February 2026.

Expected by February 2026.

Expected by March 2026.

Expected by March 2026. 

Expected by March 2026. 

Legislative elections are scheduled to be held on 8 March 2026. 

Expected by April 2026.

Expected by April 2026.

Expected by April 2026.

Presidential election scheduled for 12 April 2026.

General elections are scheduled to be held on 12 April 2026. 

Expected by April 2026.

Expected by May 2026.

Expected by May 2026. 

Expected by May 2026.

Expected by June 2026. 

Expected by June 2026.

Parliamentary election scheduled to be held on 7 June 2026.

The general election is scheduled to be held on 13 August 2026.

Expected by September 2026.

Expected by September 2026.

Expected by September 2026.

The general elections are scheduled to be held on 13 September 2026. 

Expected by October 2026. 

Expected by October 2026.

Expected by October 2026.

Expected by October 2026.

The general election is scheduled to be held on 4 October 2026. 

Expected to be held by November 2026.

Expected by November 2026. 

Expected by November 2026.

Parliamentary elections are scheduled to be held on 3 November 2026. 

Expected by November 2026.

Not yet scheduled. 

Not yet scheduled. 

Not yet scheduled.

Not yet scheduled. 

Not yet scheduled. 

Expected by December 2026.

The general election is scheduled to be held on 22 December 2026.