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Democracy Tracker

The Democracy Tracker provides event-centric, monthly information on democracy and human rights developments in 173 countries. Event reports describe a change to the status-quo of the state of democracy at the country level. They include a description of the event, indications of the specific aspects of democracy that have been impacted, the magnitude of the impact, links to original sources and keywords to enable further research. Click on the country hexagons below to read the most recent developments, or hover over to the country profiles menu at the top to access the full data and analysis of a specific country.

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Positive and Negative Events in July 2025

+1
Australia Arrow Australia
+1
Chile Arrow Chile
+1
Lebanon Arrow Lebanon
+1
Malawi Arrow Malawi
+1
Poland Arrow Poland
+1
Republic of Korea Arrow Republic of Korea
+1
Romania Arrow Romania
+1
Sri Lanka Arrow Sri Lanka
+1
Suriname Arrow Suriname
-1
Burkina Faso Arrow Burkina Faso
-1
Cambodia Arrow Cambodia
-1
Cyprus Arrow Cyprus
-1
El Salvador Arrow El Salvador
-1
Fiji Arrow Fiji
-1
India Arrow India
-1
Israel Arrow Israel
-1
Jordan Arrow Jordan
-1
Mali Arrow Mali
-1
Mexico Arrow Mexico
-1
Nepal Arrow Nepal
-1
Pakistan Arrow Pakistan
-1
Spain Arrow Spain
-1
Sudan Arrow Sudan
-1
Syrian Arab Republic Arrow Syrian Arab Republic
-1
Thailand Arrow Thailand
-1
Ukraine Arrow Ukraine
-1
United States of America Arrow United States of America

*Assessments are relative to each country and do not represent comparisons or rankings between countries.

Flag
May 2022

Malaysia

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Representation
Rights
Rule of Law
Participation

Critical Events To Watch in July 2025

Western Asia • Syrian Arab Republic

On 12 July, armed clashes erupted in the southern Sweida region between local Druze militias and Bedouin communities, resulting in at least 1,000 deaths and the displacement of over 145,000 people. The fighting, which escalated following the intervention of Syrian government forces and Israel’s airstrikes, triggered a humanitarian crisis, with power outages, water shortages, and collapsed medical services. Human rights groups documented abuses by all sides, including extrajudicial killings and attacks on civilians. The violence left the city of Sweida effectively under Druze militia control, and Bedouin civilians were evacuated by the government.
Security
Forced Displacement
Extrajudicial killings
Humanitarian crisis
Armed Conflict
SDG16

Europe • Cyprus

On 10 July, Parliament passed a new law tightening the rules on public protests and assemblies, including the introduction of notification procedures and expansion of police powers. Under the new law, organisers of gatherings with 20 or more participants are expected to notify authorities at least seven days in advance. The legislation also grants police expanded authority to modify protest routes or disperse assemblies they deem a threat to public order. Civil society groups, human rights organisations, and opposition parties have criticised the measure, arguing that it restricts the right to peaceful assembly. The Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe’s (OSCE) Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) will launch a formal review to evaluate the law and issue a legal opinion.
Protests
Civil Society
SDG16

Asia and the Pacific • Sri Lanka

On 23 July, the Supreme Court delivered a landmark ruling, declaring that the emergency regulations enacted under the Public Security Ordinance by then-acting President Ranil Wickremesinghe on 17 July 2022 violated protesters’ fundamental rights. The Court found that the powers used to disperse peaceful Aragalaya protesters, which included arbitrary searches, arrests and detainment, were not supported by valid legal grounds. The fundamental rights petitions had been filed by several prominent figures from civil society. The Court declared the emergency regulations void and instructed the state to cover the legal costs of the petitioners. This ruling marks a crucial legal precedent, reinforcing the right to peaceful protest and establishing that government actions must adhere to constitutional standards.
Protests
State of Emergency
Ranil Wickremesinghe
Supreme Court
Accountability
Civil Society
SDG16

Americas • El Salvador

On 31 July, the Legislative Assembly passed a package of constitutional amendments that removes presidential term limits, extends the presidential term from five to six years and eliminates run-off elections. The amendments were fast tracked and ratified without debate, raising concerns about transparency and democratic accountability. As a transitional provision, Nayib Bukele’s current term will be shortened from five to three years, allowing the changes to take effect in 2027, with presidential, legislative and municipal elections held simultaneously. Critics warn that removing term limits could enable indefinite re-election, concentrating power in the executive, weakening checks and balances and undermining democratic institutions. The amendments passed with 57 of 60 votes in the legislature.
Term limits
Elections
Executive branch
Legislature
Nayib Bukele
SDG16

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Monthly Event Reports

See all the information related to countries that have updates this month.

Africa

-1
Arrow SDN
0
Arrow SEN
0
Arrow DZA
0
Arrow BDI
-1
Arrow BFA
0
Arrow GMB
-1
Arrow MLI
0
Arrow COD
0
Arrow AGO
+1
Arrow MWI
without report
Arrow ZAF
without report
Arrow MDG
without report
Arrow ZWE
without report
Arrow BEN
without report
Arrow BWA
without report
Arrow CMR
without report
Arrow CAF
without report
Arrow TCD
without report
Arrow COM
without report
Arrow CIV
without report
Arrow CPV
without report
Arrow DJI
without report
Arrow EGY
without report
Arrow GNQ
without report
Arrow ERI
without report
Arrow ETH
without report
Arrow GAB
without report
Arrow SWZ
without report
Arrow GHA
without report
Arrow GIN
without report
Arrow GNB
without report
Arrow KEN
without report
Arrow LSO
without report
Arrow LBR
without report
Arrow LBY
without report
Arrow MRT
without report
Arrow MUS
without report
Arrow MAR
without report
Arrow MOZ
without report
Arrow NAM
without report
Arrow NER
without report
Arrow NGA
without report
Arrow COG
without report
Arrow RWA
without report
Arrow SLE
without report
Arrow SOM
without report
Arrow SSD
without report
Arrow TZA
without report
Arrow TGO
without report
Arrow TUN
without report
Arrow UGA
without report
Arrow ZMB
View all

Americas

+1
Arrow CHL
+1
Arrow SUR
-1
Arrow SLV
0
Arrow CRI
-1
Arrow USA
-1
Arrow MEX
without report
Arrow CAN
without report
Arrow HTI
without report
Arrow ARG
without report
Arrow BRB
without report
Arrow BOL
without report
Arrow BRA
without report
Arrow COL
without report
Arrow CUB
without report
Arrow DOM
without report
Arrow ECU
without report
Arrow GTM
without report
Arrow GUY
without report
Arrow HND
without report
Arrow JAM
without report
Arrow NIC
without report
Arrow PAN
without report
Arrow PRY
without report
Arrow PER
without report
Arrow TTO
without report
Arrow URY
without report
Arrow VEN
View all

Asia and the Pacific

-1
Arrow FJI
-1
Arrow KHM
+1
Arrow KOR
0
Arrow JPN
+1
Arrow AUS
+1
Arrow LKA
-1
Arrow NPL
-1
Arrow PAK
0
Arrow BGD
-1
Arrow IND
-1
Arrow THA
without report
Arrow TWN
without report
Arrow MYS
without report
Arrow MMR
without report
Arrow TLS
without report
Arrow AFG
without report
Arrow BTN
without report
Arrow CHN
without report
Arrow PRK
without report
Arrow IDN
without report
Arrow KAZ
without report
Arrow KGZ
without report
Arrow LAO
without report
Arrow MDV
without report
Arrow MNG
without report
Arrow NZL
without report
Arrow PNG
without report
Arrow PHL
without report
Arrow SGP
without report
Arrow SLB
without report
Arrow TJK
without report
Arrow TKM
without report
Arrow UZB
without report
Arrow VUT
without report
Arrow VNM
View all

Europe

-1
Arrow UKR
+1
Arrow POL
+1
Arrow ROU
-1
Arrow CYP
-1
Arrow ESP
without report
Arrow HUN
without report
Arrow GBR
without report
Arrow KSV
without report
Arrow TUR
without report
Arrow ARM
without report
Arrow CHE
without report
Arrow SVK
without report
Arrow ALB
without report
Arrow AUT
without report
Arrow AZE
without report
Arrow BLR
without report
Arrow BEL
without report
Arrow BIH
without report
Arrow BGR
without report
Arrow HRV
without report
Arrow CZE
without report
Arrow DNK
without report
Arrow EST
without report
Arrow FIN
without report
Arrow FRA
without report
Arrow GEO
without report
Arrow DEU
without report
Arrow GRC
without report
Arrow ISL
without report
Arrow IRL
without report
Arrow ITA
without report
Arrow LVA
without report
Arrow LTU
without report
Arrow LUX
without report
Arrow MLT
without report
Arrow MDA
without report
Arrow MNE
without report
Arrow NLD
without report
Arrow MKD
without report
Arrow NOR
without report
Arrow PRT
without report
Arrow RUS
without report
Arrow SRB
without report
Arrow SVN
without report
Arrow SWE
View all

Western Asia

-1
Arrow SYR
-1
Arrow ISR
-1
Arrow JOR
+1
Arrow LBN
without report
Arrow IRQ
without report
Arrow BHR
without report
Arrow IRN
without report
Arrow KWT
without report
Arrow OMN
without report
Arrow PSE
without report
Arrow QAT
without report
Arrow SAU
without report
Arrow ARE
without report
Arrow YEM
View all
Flag
May 2022

Malaysia

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Proin consequat augue non efficitur fermentum. Proin eu...

Representation
Rights
Rule of Law
Participation

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Funders and Donors

The European Union Federal Ministry for Economic Coorperation and Development Robert Bosch Stiftung
The Global State of Democracy Initiative is also supported by contributions of International IDEA Member States