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Democracy Tracker

The Democracy Tracker provides event-centric, monthly information on democracy and human rights developments in 173 countries. Event reports describe a change to the status-quo of the state of democracy at the country level. They include a description of the event, indications of the specific aspects of democracy that have been impacted, the magnitude of the impact, links to original sources and keywords to enable further research. Click on the country hexagons below to read the most recent developments, or hover over to the country profiles menu at the top to access the full data and analysis of a specific country.

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Positive and Negative Events in August 2025

+1
Bolivia Arrow Bolivia
+1
Ireland Arrow Ireland
+1
Kenya Arrow Kenya
+1
Lesotho Arrow Lesotho
+1
Morocco Arrow Morocco
+1
Paraguay Arrow Paraguay
+1
Republic of Moldova Arrow Republic of Moldova
+1
Sri Lanka Arrow Sri Lanka
-1
Bosnia and Herzegovina Arrow Bosnia and Herzegovina
-1
Botswana Arrow Botswana
-1
Chad Arrow Chad
-1
Côte d'Ivoire Arrow Côte d'Ivoire
-1
Ecuador Arrow Ecuador
-1
Fiji Arrow Fiji
-1
Gabon Arrow Gabon
-1
Georgia Arrow Georgia
-1
Guinea Arrow Guinea
-1
Guinea-Bissau Arrow Guinea-Bissau
-1
Haiti Arrow Haiti
-1
Kosovo Arrow Kosovo
-1
Kyrgyzstan Arrow Kyrgyzstan
-1
Malawi Arrow Malawi
-1
Mozambique Arrow Mozambique
-1
Niger Arrow Niger
-1
Pakistan Arrow Pakistan
-1
Peru Arrow Peru
-1
Russian Federation Arrow Russian Federation
-1
South Africa Arrow South Africa
-1
Sudan Arrow Sudan
-1
Tanzania Arrow Tanzania
-1
Thailand Arrow Thailand
-1
Tunisia Arrow Tunisia
-1
United States of America Arrow United States of America
-1
Yemen Arrow Yemen
-2
Palestine Arrow Palestine

*Assessments are relative to each country and do not represent comparisons or rankings between countries.

Flag
May 2022

Malaysia

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Representation
Rights
Rule of Law
Participation

Critical Events To Watch in August 2025

Asia and the Pacific • Indonesia

Indonesian President Prabowo pardoned his political rivals, Thomas Lembong and Hasto Kristiyanto, on 1 August, after both were separately convicted in corruption-related cases. Hasto is the secretary-general of the opposition Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) and Thomas a former trade minister. Anticorruption and legal experts said the pardons are evidence of excessive interference in the judiciary, as neither case had exhausted the appeals process. Anticorruption experts separately criticized the pardons as undermining efforts to enforce anti-graft and corruption laws in the country, and that the timing and nature of the pardons suggest that Prabowo may have pardoned Hasto to win support or political concessions from the PDI-P. The president’s office said the pardons were to promote ‘national interests and public unity.’ 
Pardons
SDG16
Corruption

Western Asia • Yemen

On 28 August, Israel launched a strike against Houthi leaders in Sanaa, assassinating Ahmed al-Rahawi, the Prime Minister of the Houthi-led government (the Supreme Political Council), along with a dozen other senior cabinet members. The strike came amid ongoing regional tensions, with escalating attacks between Israel and the Houthis since late 2023, in the context of Israel’s war on Gaza.*Since the impact of these events are felt primarily in Yemen, they are coded in the entries for the latter. While they are not coded for Israel, it is Israeli action that causes the effects on democracy in Yemen.
Houthi
Assassination
Israel
SDG16

Europe • Italy

On 1 August, the EU Court of Justice (ECJ) ruled that while Italy (and other EU member states) may decide which countries are ‘safe’ for the return of asylum-seekers to their countries of origin, such designations must meet strict legal standards and be open to challenge with accessible evidence. The Court added that a country cannot be deemed ‘safe’ if it fails to provide adequate protection to its entire population. This comes after months of disputes between the Italian judiciary and the Italian government, as well as the transfer of migrants from Italy to costly, mostly inactive Italian-funded asylum centers in Albania, which have turned into repatriation centers. Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni denounced the ruling, saying it weakens efforts to curb mass illegal immigration. The future of these centres remains unclear. Amnesty International described the ruling as a major setback for the Italy-Albania deal, which they argue outsources asylum processing at the expense of migrant and refugee rights.
Migration
EU
Giorgia Meloni
ECJ
Asylum seekers
Transnational
SDG16
SDG10

Americas • Ecuador

On 12 August, President Daniel Noboa led a demonstration against the Constitutional Court to protest its decisions regarding recently enacted legislation that the executive has characterized as essential to its strategy against organized crime. On 4 August the Court suspended provisions of laws (including the ‘Solidarity bill’ and the Intelligence Law) that were challenged after their enactment, pending a decision on their compatibility with the Constitution. Among other aspects, such provisions allowed for presidential pardons of members of the security forces and enabled intelligence gathering activities without a judicial order. In this context, high-ranking governmental officials have characterized the Court as an ‘enemy of the citizenry’. Noboa also announced that he would be seeking to introduce a referendum on the possibility of impeaching Court justices. National and international experts have expressed serious concern for the executive’s statements, which undermine judicial independence.
Constitutional Court
Executive branch
Judiciary
SDG16
Daniel Noboa

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Monthly Event Reports

See all the information related to countries that have updates this month.

Africa

-1
Arrow TUN
-1
Arrow SDN
-1
Arrow NER
-1
Arrow GNB
0
Arrow MLI
-1
Arrow GIN
-1
Arrow CIV
+1
Arrow MAR
+1
Arrow KEN
-1
Arrow TZA
0
Arrow EGY
0
Arrow SOM
+1
Arrow LSO
-1
Arrow MWI
-1
Arrow MOZ
-1
Arrow TCD
-1
Arrow GAB
-1
Arrow BWA
-1
Arrow ZAF
0
Arrow SEN
without report
Arrow MDG
without report
Arrow ZWE
without report
Arrow DZA
without report
Arrow AGO
without report
Arrow BEN
without report
Arrow BFA
without report
Arrow BDI
without report
Arrow CMR
without report
Arrow CAF
without report
Arrow COM
without report
Arrow CPV
without report
Arrow COD
without report
Arrow DJI
without report
Arrow GNQ
without report
Arrow ERI
without report
Arrow ETH
without report
Arrow GMB
without report
Arrow SWZ
without report
Arrow GHA
without report
Arrow LBR
without report
Arrow LBY
without report
Arrow MRT
without report
Arrow MUS
without report
Arrow NAM
without report
Arrow NGA
without report
Arrow COG
without report
Arrow RWA
without report
Arrow SLE
without report
Arrow SSD
without report
Arrow TGO
without report
Arrow UGA
without report
Arrow ZMB
View all

Americas

+1
Arrow PRY
-1
Arrow HTI
-1
Arrow USA
+1
Arrow BOL
-1
Arrow ECU
-1
Arrow PER
without report
Arrow MEX
without report
Arrow CAN
without report
Arrow ARG
without report
Arrow BRB
without report
Arrow BRA
without report
Arrow CHL
without report
Arrow COL
without report
Arrow CRI
without report
Arrow CUB
without report
Arrow DOM
without report
Arrow SLV
without report
Arrow GTM
without report
Arrow GUY
without report
Arrow HND
without report
Arrow JAM
without report
Arrow NIC
without report
Arrow PAN
without report
Arrow SUR
without report
Arrow TTO
without report
Arrow URY
without report
Arrow VEN
View all

Asia and the Pacific

-1
Arrow THA
-1
Arrow KGZ
0
Arrow IDN
0
Arrow MMR
0
Arrow BGD
-1
Arrow PAK
+1
Arrow LKA
0
Arrow KOR
0
Arrow IND
-1
Arrow FJI
without report
Arrow TWN
without report
Arrow MYS
without report
Arrow TLS
without report
Arrow AFG
without report
Arrow JPN
without report
Arrow AUS
without report
Arrow BTN
without report
Arrow KHM
without report
Arrow CHN
without report
Arrow PRK
without report
Arrow KAZ
without report
Arrow LAO
without report
Arrow MDV
without report
Arrow MNG
without report
Arrow NPL
without report
Arrow NZL
without report
Arrow PNG
without report
Arrow PHL
without report
Arrow SGP
without report
Arrow SLB
without report
Arrow TJK
without report
Arrow TKM
without report
Arrow UZB
without report
Arrow VUT
without report
Arrow VNM
View all

Europe

0
Arrow ALB
-1
Arrow KSV
-1
Arrow BIH
-1
Arrow RUS
-1
Arrow GEO
+1
Arrow MDA
+1
Arrow IRL
0
Arrow PRT
0
Arrow ESP
0
Arrow ITA
without report
Arrow UKR
without report
Arrow HUN
without report
Arrow GBR
without report
Arrow TUR
without report
Arrow ARM
without report
Arrow CHE
without report
Arrow SVK
without report
Arrow AUT
without report
Arrow AZE
without report
Arrow BLR
without report
Arrow BEL
without report
Arrow BGR
without report
Arrow HRV
without report
Arrow CYP
without report
Arrow CZE
without report
Arrow DNK
without report
Arrow EST
without report
Arrow FIN
without report
Arrow FRA
without report
Arrow DEU
without report
Arrow GRC
without report
Arrow ISL
without report
Arrow LVA
without report
Arrow LTU
without report
Arrow LUX
without report
Arrow MLT
without report
Arrow MNE
without report
Arrow NLD
without report
Arrow MKD
without report
Arrow NOR
without report
Arrow POL
without report
Arrow ROU
without report
Arrow SRB
without report
Arrow SVN
without report
Arrow SWE
View all

Western Asia

-2
Arrow PSE
-1
Arrow YEM
without report
Arrow IRQ
without report
Arrow BHR
without report
Arrow IRN
without report
Arrow ISR
without report
Arrow JOR
without report
Arrow KWT
without report
Arrow LBN
without report
Arrow OMN
without report
Arrow QAT
without report
Arrow SAU
without report
Arrow SYR
without report
Arrow ARE
View all
Flag
May 2022

Malaysia

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Proin consequat augue non efficitur fermentum. Proin eu...

Representation
Rights
Rule of Law
Participation

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Funders and Donors

The European Union
Robert Bosch Stiftung
The Global State of Democracy Initiative is also supported by contributions of International IDEA Member States