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Indonesia

Monthly Updates

December 2022
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A new criminal code passed by Indonesia’s parliament on 6 December has attracted significant domestic and international controversy. The new law criminalizes sex outside of marriage (which includes all LGBTQIA+ relationships, as same sex marriage is illegal) and defamation of the president. It also expands anti-blasphemy laws, which has drawn the most criticism. Indonesian officials told the New York Times that preparations involved months of conversations with human rights groups. The new laws will take effect in 2025, and deputy minister of law and human rights, Edward Omar Sharif Hiariej, encouraged citizens who fear their constitutional rights will be violated to file cases with the Constitutional Court in the interim.

September 2022

After six years of deliberations, Indonesia’s House of Representatives approved the Personal Data Protection Bill on 10 September. Modelled on the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), the Bill aims to regulate all forms of data storage and processing, streamline Indonesia’s disparate data protection regulations, and authorize the creation of a supervising body. Indonesia has struggled with data leaks and security breaches in recent years.

August 2022

In July the Ministry of Communication and Information announced the requirement of all Electronic System Operators to register and apply for a licence to maintain their operations in the country. Several firms, including PayPal, Yahoo and Steam were subsequently blocked for failure to comply. Civil society organizations are concerned that the regulation does not comply with human rights principles and can be used for surveillance and censorship.

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GSoD Indices Data 2012-2021

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Basic Information

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Population Tooltip
276 361 790
System of government
Presidential system
Head of government
President Joko Widodo (since 2014)
Head of government party
Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P)
Electoral system for lower or single chamber
List Proportional Representation
Women in lower or single chamber
21.9%
Women in upper chamber
Not applicable
Last legislative election
2019
Effective number of political parties Tooltip
9.33
Head of state
President Joko Widodo
Selection process for head of state
Direct election (two-round majority, with minimum regional distribution of the vote needed to win in first round)
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) date
03/05/2017
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) percentage of recommendations supported
74.22%
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Human Rights Treaties

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State Party State party
Signatory Signatory
No Action No action
United Nations Human Right Treaties
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
State Party
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
State Party
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
State Party
Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women
State Party
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment
State Party
Convention on the Rights of the Child
State Party
International Convention on Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families
State Party
International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance 
Signatory
International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
State Party
International Labour Organisation Treaties
Forced Labour Convention
State Party
Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention
State Party
Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention
State Party
Equal Remuneration Convention
State Party
Abolition of Forced Labour Convention
State Party
Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention
State Party
Convention concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment
State Party
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention
State Party
in
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Attributes Over Time

Representative government neutral Representative Government
Sep 2022
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2023
Representative government neutral Fundamental rights
Sep 2022
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2023
Representative government neutral Checks on government
Sep 2022
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2023
Representative government neutral Impartial administration
Sep 2022
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2023
Representative government neutral Participatory engagement
Sep 2022
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2023

GSoD Indices

Regime type
0 10