Electoral system for national legislature

Hungary, Act CCIII of 2011 on the election of the Members of the National Assembly [as in force on 21 January 2021], accessed 10 April 2022

3. Number of the Members of the National Assembly

Section 3. (1) The number of the Members of the National Assembly shall be one hundred and ninety-nine.

(2) One hundred and six Members of the National Assembly shall be elected from single member constituencies and ninety-three from national list.

Section 7. A national list may be drawn up as a party list or national minority list.

Section 12. (1) A voter with domicile in Hungary may cast a vote for

a) one single-member constituency candidate and

b) one party list.

(2) A voter with domicile in Hungary and recorded in the electoral register as national minority voter may cast a vote for

a) one single-member constituency candidate and

b) the list of his national minority or, in the absence thereof, one party list.

(3) A voter with no domicile in Hungary may cast a vote for one party list.

Section 13. In a single-member constituency, Member of the National Assembly shall be the candidate who received the highest number of valid votes.

Section 14. (1) No mandate shall be allocated to a party list that did not receive at least five per cent of the total of valid votes cast for party lists and national minority lists.

(2) No mandate shall be allocated to a joint party list that did not receive at least ten per cent or, if the joint party list was drawn up by more than two political parties, fifteen per cent of the total of valid votes cast for party lists and national minority lists.

(3) No mandate shall be allocated to a national minority list that did not receive the number of votes required for winning a preferential national minority mandate under section 16 d) (hereinafter: preferential quota).

[See further details of seat allocation in Sections 16-17.]

199 candidates are elected by two methods: 106 are elected in SMDs using FPTP system, 93 are elected from a national list using the closed List PR system. The electoral threshold is set at 5%, and this is raised to 10% for coalitions of two parties and 15% for coalitions of three or more parties (see Section 14 of the Election Law). Seats are allocated using the d'Hondt method.