Albania
Question | Value |
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1. Is there a ban on donations from foreign interests to political parties? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Gifts or aid from international unions parties, politics organizations or foundations and foreign individuals are allowed. Source
'Party funding by foreign public or private entities, by governments and by Albanian public entities or those with the participation of State capital is prohibited' (Source: GRECO (2008) Evaluation Report on Albania, Transparency of Party Funding (Theme II), p. 6) 'Article 89: Financing of electoral subjects through non-public funds1. Electoral subjects may receive funds for the purposes of their electoral campaigns only from domestic natural or legal persons.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, 2015) |
2. Is there a ban on donations from foreign interests to candidates? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Electoral subjects can only obtain funds for the purposes of their electoral campaigns from domestic physical or legal persons. Source
Chapter II, Article 89: '1. Electoral subjects can obtain funds for the purposes of their electoral campaigns only from domestic physical or legal persons. For the purpose of this Code, an Albanian citizen who resides outside the territory of the Republic of Albania shall also be considered a domestic physical person.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, 2008 (Electoral Act)) |
3. Is there a ban on corporate donations to political parties? |
Code
No
Comment
Donations are prohibited for legal persons, or any of its shareholders, under certain conditions, see below. Source
P 8, '...contributions to political parties by both natural andlegal Albanian persons ? except for public entities or entities with the participation of State capital ?, by parties or international unions of parties, by Albanian or foreign political foundations and organisations are permitted. This provision makes reference to the term ?gifts and assistance? without further specifying the meaning of this concept.' (Source: GRECO (2008) Evaluation Report on Albania, Transparency of Party Funding (Theme II)) |
4. Is there a ban on corporate donations to candidates? |
Code
No
Comment
Corporate donations are prohibited if they comply with a certain set of criteria (see Art 89 (3) below). Source
Chapter II, Article 89: '1. Electoral subjects can obtain funds for the purposes of their electoral campaigns only from domestic physical or legal persons.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, 2008 (Electoral Act))
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5. Is there a ban on donations from Trade Unions to political parties? |
Code
No
Source
'Article 21 : Lejohen dhuratat dhe ndihmat që vijnë nga parti ose bashkime ndërkombëtare partish, nga organizata e fondacione politike, vendase e të huaja, si dhe nga individë, persona fizikë e juridikë privatë vendas.' (Source: Law on Political Parties, No. 8580, date 17.2.2000, as ameneded: No. 9452/2.2.2006, No. 10374/10.2.2011, No. 17/2014, No. 90/2017/22.5.2017) 'Article 89: Electoral subjects may receive funds for the purposes of their electoral campaigns only from domestic natural or legal persons.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, 2015) |
6. Is there a ban on donations from Trade Unions to candidates? |
Code
No
Source
'Article 21 : Lejohen dhuratat dhe ndihmat që vijnë nga parti ose bashkime ndërkombëtare partish, nga organizata e fondacione politike, vendase e të huaja, si dhe nga individë, persona fizikë e juridikë privatë vendas.' (Source: Law on Political Parties, No. 8580, date 17.2.2000, as ameneded: No. 9452/2.2.2006, No. 10374/10.2.2011, No. 17/2014, No. 90/2017/22.5.2017) 'Article 89: Electoral subjects may receive funds for the purposes of their electoral campaigns only from domestic natural or legal persons.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, 2015)
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7. Is there a ban on anonymous donations to political parties? |
Code
Yes
Comment
An implicit ban through the requirement to record the identity of any natural or legal contributor regardless of the amount. Source
'Article 23/1: Çdo parti politike duhet të regjistrojë në një regjistër të posaçëm, sipas formatit të miratuar nga Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve, shumën e fondeve të përfituara nga çdo person fizik ose juridik, si dhe të dhëna që lidhen me identifikimin e qartë të dhuruesit. Në çdo rast, dhuruesi, në kohën e dhurimit, nënshkruan detyrimisht një deklaratë dhurimi, sipas formatit të miratuar nga Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve. Lista e personave, që dhurojnë shuma jo më pak se 100 mijë lekë, si dhe vlera përkatëse, duhet të bëhen kurdoherë publike.' (Source: Law on Political Parties, No. 8580, date 17.2.2000, as ameneded: No. 9452/2.2.2006, No. 10374/10.2.2011, No. 17/2014, No. 90/2017/22.5.2017) |
8. Is there a ban on anonymous donations to candidates? |
Code
Yes
Comment
An implicit ban through the requirement to record the identity of any natural or legal contributor regardless of the amount.
Source
'Article 90: Registration of non-public funds1. Each electoral subject must register the amount of funds received for each natural or legal person, as well as other data related to the clear identification of the donor, in a special register which is approved as a template by a CEC decision. At the moment of donation, the donor signs a declaration affirming that none of the circumstances specified in article 89 applies to him/her and that he/she bears personal responsibility for false declaration. The form and content of the declaration is approved by the CEC and its signing is obligatory for all donations.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, 2015) |
9. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with government contracts to political parties? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Such donations are banned under some circumstances. Source
'Article 89: Financing of electoral subjects through non-public funds (...) 3. Donation of funds by a legal person or any of its shareholders is prohibited if one of the following conditions applies: a) has received public funds, public contracts or concessions in the last 2 years, exceeding ALL 10 million; b) exercises media activity; c) has been a partner with public funds in different projects; d) has monetary obligations towards the State Budget or any public institution. This obligation is not applicable if the shareholder owns these shares as a result of a public offer.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015). 'Donations are prohibited when the conditions mentioned below apply to a juridical person, or any of its shareholders:a) has profited from public funds, public contracts or concessions during the last two years for an amount of money exceeding 10,000,000 Leke (approx. 71,950 EUR);b) bases its activity in the field of media.c) has been a partner on projects benefiting from public funds;d) has monetary obligations toward the State Budget or any public institution.This ban is not applied when the shareholder possess these shares as a result of a public tender'. (Source: Transparency International Albania (2013) Buying Influence: Money and Political Parties in Albania, p. 7). |
10. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with government contracts to candidates? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Such donations are banned under some circumstances. Source
'Article 89: Financing of electoral subjects through non-public funds (...) 3. Donation of funds by a legal person or any of its shareholders is prohibited if one of the following conditions applies: a) has received public funds, public contracts or concessions in the last 2 years, exceeding ALL 10 million; b) exercises media activity; c) has been a partner with public funds in different projects; ?) has monetary obligations towards the State Budget or any public institution. This obligation is not applicable if the shareholder owns these shares as a result of a public offer.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015). 'Donations are prohibited when the conditions mentioned below apply to a juridical person, or any of its shareholders:a) has profited from public funds, public contracts or concessions during the last two years for an amount of money exceeding 10,000,000 Leke (approx. 71,950 EUR);b) bases its activity in the field of media.c) has been a partner on projects benefiting from public funds;d) has monetary obligations toward the State Budget or any public institution.This ban is not applied when the shareholder possess these shares as a result of a public tender'. (Source: Transparency International Albania (2013) Buying Influence: Money and Political Parties in Albania, p. 7). |
11. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with partial government ownership to political parties? |
Code
Yes
Source
'31. According to section 21, paragraph 2 LPP, contributions to political parties by both natural and legal Albanian persons – except for public entities or entities with the participation of State capital –, by parties or international unions of parties, by Albanian or foreign political foundations and organisations are permitted.' (Source: GRECO (2008) Evaluation Report on Albania on Transparency of Party Funding (Theme II), Strasbourg, p. 8). 'Article 21: Ndalohet ndihma financiare dhe materiale nga qeveri dhe nga ente publike ose private të huaja, si dhe nga ente vendase publike ose me pjesëmarrje të kapitalit shtetëror. (Source: Law on Political Parties, No. 8580, date 17.2.2000, as ameneded: No. 9452/2.2.2006, No. 10374/10.2.2011, No. 17/2014, No. 90/2017/22.5.2017). 'Article 89: Financing of electoral subjects through non-public funds (...) 3. Donation of funds by a legal person or any of its shareholders is prohibited if one of the following conditions applies: a) has received public funds, public contracts or concessions in the last 2 years, exceeding ALL 10 million; b) exercises media activity; c) has been a partner with public funds in different projects; ?) has monetary obligations towards the State Budget or any public institution. This obligation is not applicable if the shareholder owns these shares as a result of a public offer.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015) 'Donations are prohibited when the conditions mentioned below apply to a juridical person, or any of its shareholders:a) has profited from public funds, public contracts or concessions during the last two years for an amount of money exceeding 10,000,000 Leke (approx. 71,950 EUR);b) bases its activity in the field of media.c) has been a partner on projects benefiting from public funds;d) has monetary obligations toward the State Budget or any public institution.This ban is not applied when the shareholder possess these shares as a result of a public tender'. (Source: Transparency International Albania (2013) Buying Influence: Money and Political Parties in Albania, p. 7). |
12. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with partial government ownership to candidates? |
Code
Yes
Source
'Article 89: Financing of electoral subjects through non-public funds (...) 3. Donation of funds by a legal person or any of its shareholders is prohibited if one of the following conditions applies: a) has received public funds, public contracts or concessions in the last 2 years, exceeding ALL 10 million; b) exercises media activity; c) has been a partner with public funds in different projects; ?) has monetary obligations towards the State Budget or any public institution. This obligation is not applicable if the shareholder owns these shares as a result of a public offer.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015). |
13. Is there a ban on the use of state resources in favour or against a political party or candidate? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Resources of public organs or entities of a central or local level cannot be used or made available for the support of candidates, political parties or coalitions in elections. Source
'Article 88: Prohibition on using public resources to support electoral subjects1. Except when otherwise provided by law, resources of central or local public bodies or entities, or of any other entity where the state holds capital or shares or/and appoints the majority of the supervisory or administrative body of the entity, regardless of the source of the capital or ownership, may not be used or made available to support candidates, political parties or coalitions in elections.2. For purposes of this article, current and fixed assets provided for in article 142 of the Civil Code, as well as any human resources of the institution, shall be considered as ?resources?. Use of 'human resources' shall mean the obligatory use for electoral purposes of the institution's administration within the work hours, as well as the obligatory and organized use of students of the pre-university system within the lesson hours, in the electoral campaign.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015). |
14. Is there a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during a non-election specific period? |
Code
No
Comment
Contribution limits only exist for election campaigns. Source
'Art 89.2: The amount that each physical or legal person can give to an electoral subject cannot be greater than ALL 1 million or the equivalent value in objects or services.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015) |
15. If there is a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during a non-election specific period, what is the limit? |
Code
Not applicable
Comment
NA Source
NA |
16. Is there a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during an election? |
Code
Yes, for both natural and legal persons
Comment
No natural and legal entity may give to the same electoral subject donations of a bigger value than 1 million ALL [I$ 19,000] or the equivalent in objects or services.
Source
'Article 89: Financing of electoral subjects through non-public funds (...) 2. The amount that each natural or legal person may give to an electoral subject may not be larger than ALL 1 million or the equivalent value in kind or services.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015) |
17. If there is a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during an election, what is the limit? |
Code
1 million ALL [I$ 19,000]
Comment
The amount that each physical or legal person can give to an electoral subject cannot be greater than ALL 1 million or the equivalent value in objects or services. Source
'Article 89: Financing of electoral subjects through non-public funds (...) 2. The amount that each natural or legal person may give to an electoral subject may not be larger than ALL 1 million or the equivalent value in kind or services.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015) |
18. Is there a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a candidate? |
Code
Yes, for both natural and legal persons
Comment
No natural and legal entity may give to the same electoral subject donations of a bigger value than 1 million ALL [I$ 19,000] or the equivalent in objects or services. Source
'Article 89: Financing of electoral subjects through non-public funds (...) 2. The amount that each natural or legal person may give to an electoral subject may not be larger than ALL 1 million or the equivalent value in kind or services.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015) |
19. If there is a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a candidate, what is the limit? |
Code
1 million ALL [I$ 19,000]
Comment
The amount that each physical or legal person can give to an electoral subject cannot be greater than ALL 1 million or the equivalent value in objects or services. Source
'Article 89: Financing of electoral subjects through non-public funds (...) 2. The amount that each natural or legal person may give to an electoral subject may not be larger than ALL 1 million or the equivalent value in kind or services.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015) |
20. Is there a limit on the amount a candidate can contribute to their own election campaign? |
Code
Yes, donation limit for private persons apply
Comment
The standard limit applies. Source
'Article 89: Financing of electoral subjects through non-public funds (...) 2. The amount that each natural or legal person may give to an electoral subject may not be larger than ALL 1 million or the equivalent value in kind or services.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015)
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21. Is there a limit on in-kind donations to political parties? |
Code
No
Comment
NA Source
NA |
22. Is there a limit on in-kind donations to candidates? |
Code
Yes
Comment
The amount that each physical or legal person can give to an electoral subject cannot be greater than ALL 1 million or the equivalent value in objects or services. Source
'Article 89: Financing of electoral subjects through non-public funds (...) 2. The amount that each natural or legal person may give to an electoral subject may not be larger than ALL 1 million or the equivalent value in kind or services.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015)
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23. Is there a ban on political parties engaging in commercial activities? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Political parties are generally prohibited to engage in comercial activiteis but there are some exemptions like publishing, printing and the use of their premises for social activitites. Source
' Article 20: Ndalohet krijimi i personave juridikë tregtarë e jotregtarë, që ushtrojnë veprimtari me qëllim fitimi, nga partitë politike apo nëpërmjet të tretëve. Partitë politike mund t’i përdorin pasuritë e mjediset e tyre për veprimtari ekonomiko-shoqërore të karakterit të botimeve, shtypshkrimeve, shërbimeve apo dhënies me qera, sipas legjislacionit në fuqi.' (Source: Law on Political Parties, No. 8580, date 17.2.2000, as ameneded: No. 9452/2.2.2006, No. 10374/10.2.2011, No. 17/2014, No. 90/2017/22.5.2017) 'The establishment of commercial or non-commercial entities, carrying out profit-making activities, directly by political parties or through third parties is generally prohibited. However, parties may use their property and premises for certain types of economic or social activity (e.g. publishing, printing, services or leasing).' (Source: GRECO (2008) Evaluation Report on Albania, Transparency of Party Funding (Theme II), p. 8). |
24. Is there a ban on political parties taking loans in relation to election campaigns? |
Code
Yes
Comment
The loans' value must not exceed the donation limit for natural and legal persons. Source
'Article 87/1: The sources for financing the campaign of electoral subjects are the following:...ç) loans taken by the political parties in accordance with the law. The value of a loan shall not exceed the amount of money defined in point 2 of article 89 of this Code. Article 89: Financing of electoral subjects through non-public funds (...) 2. The amount that each natural or legal person may give to an electoral subject may not be larger than ALL 1 million or the equivalent value in kind or services.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015)
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25. Is there a ban on candidates taking loans in relation to election campaigns? |
Code
No
Comment
The electoral law does not explicitly regulates candidates, only political parties. Source
'Article 87/1: The sources for financing the campaign of electoral subjects are the following:...ç) loans taken by the political parties in accordance with the law. The value of a loan shall not exceed the amount of money defined in point 2 of article 89 of this Code. Article 89: Financing of electoral subjects through non-public funds (...) 2. The amount that each natural or legal person may give to an electoral subject may not be larger than ALL 1 million or the equivalent value in kind or services.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015) |
26. Is there a ban on donors to political parties/candidates participating in public tender/procurement processes? |
Code
No data
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27. Are there provisions requiring donations to go through the banking system? |
Code
Sometimes
Comment
Donations above ALL 100 thousand must be performed exclusively through bank transfer. Source
'Article 90: 2. Non-public funds exceeding ALL 100,000 shall be donated only through a special bank account of the electoral subject. The finance officer of the electoral subject declares the number of the bank account opened for this purpose no later than three days from the start of the electoral campaign. The bank account number for each political subject shall be published on the official website of the CEC.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015). '2. Dhurimi i fondeve jopublike, me vlerë më të madhe se 100 mijë lekë, duhet të bëhet vetëm në një llogari të posaçme, të hapur në një bankë nga partia politike. Personi përgjegjës për financat në partinë politike, brenda tre muajve nga krijimi i partisë politike, deklaron pranë Komisionit Qendror të Zgjedhjeve numrin e llogarisë bankare, të hapur për këtë qëllim. Numri i llogarisë bankare për çdo subjekt politik publikohet në faqen zyrtare të internetit të Komisionit Qendror të Zgjedhjeve.' (Source: Law on Political Parties, No. 8580, date 17.2.2000, as ameneded: No. 9452/2.2.2006, No. 10374/10.2.2011, No. 17/2014, No. 90/2017/22.5.2017) |
Question | Value |
---|---|
28. Are there provisions for direct public funding to political parties? |
Code
Yes, both regularly and in relation to campaigns
Comment
Statutory funding is contingent upon the submission of financial report from previous year. Source
'Article 19: 1. Çdo vit në Buxhetin e Shtetit përcaktohet një fond që shërben si ndihmë financiare publike për kryerjen e veprimtarisë vjetore të partive politike. Ndihma financiare e parashikuar në Buxhetin e Shtetit në vitet jozgjedhore, si rregull, nuk mund të jetë më e vogël se ndihma e parashikuar në vitin paraardhës.' (Source: Law on Political Parties, No. 8580, date 17.2.2000, as ameneded: No. 9452/2.2.2006, No. 10374/10.2.2011, No. 17/2014, No. 90/2017/22.5.2017) 'Article 87: State Budget funds to finance parties participating in elections: 1. Political parties participating in the elections, which have received no less than 0.5 per cent of votes nationwide, are entitled to State Budget funds, based on the number of votes of each party in those elections. This fund is determined through adecision of the Assembly and comprises a separate item in the State Budget for the respective electoral year. This fund may not be lower than the aggregate sum allocated to political parties in the previous elections.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015)
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29. What are the eligibility criteria for political parties to receive public funding? |
Code
Comment
Statutory funding: 70 % are distributed proportionallly to number of parliamentary seats; 20 % are distributed equally between parliamentary parties and parties that have received over 10,000 votes in the last parliamentary elections; 10 % are distributed proportionally to the vote share between political parties that participated in the last parliamentary elections and surpassed the 1 % threshold. Election financing: 95 % are distributed proportionally to the number of votes between political parties that cleared the 0.5 % threshold; 5 % are distributed to parties that obtained less than 0.5 % of votes and to parties that did not participate in the last elections. Source
'Article 19: 2. Ky fond ndahet sipas rregullave të mëposhtme: 'Article 87: State Budget funds to finance parties participating in elections1. Political parties participating in the elections, which have received no less than 0.5 per cent of votes nationwide, are entitled to State Budget funds, based on the number of votes of each party in those elections. This fund is determined through a decision of the Assembly and comprises a separate item in the State Budget for the respective electoral year. This fund may not be lower than the aggregate sum allocated to political parties in the previous elections.2. Within 5 days from the declaration of the final result at national level, the CEC determines, by a decision, the monetary value of a valid vote, dividing the adopted general fund by the overall number of valid votes received by the political parties that participated in the last elections which have received no less than 0.5 per cent of valid votes at national level. For elections for local government bodies, the calculation is based on the number of votes received for the local councils at national level.3. The CEC calculates the amount due to each party, by multiplying the monetary value of one valid vote, as defined in point 2 of this article, with the number of valid votes received by each party in the last elections.' 'Article 87/2: State Budget funds for the electoral campaign: The fund defined through a decision of the Assembly, according to point 1 of article 87, is given in advance to the parties that are registered as electoral subjects asfollows: a) 95 per cent of the fund is distributed to the political parties registered as electoral subjects, which have received no less than 0.5 per cent of the valid votes in the previous elections; b) 5 per cent of the fund is distributed to the political parties registered as electoral subjects and do not profit according to letter “a” of this article.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015) |
30. What is the allocation calculation for political parties to receive public funding? |
Code
Equal Proportional to votes received
Flat rate by votes received
Proportional to seats received
Comment
Statutory funding: 70 % are distributed proportionallly to number of parliamentary seats; 20 % are distributed equally between parliamentary parties and parties that have received over 10,000 votes in the last parliamentary elections; 10 % are distributed proportionally to the vote share between political parties that participated in the last parliamentary elections and surpassed the 1 % threshold. Election financing: 95 % are distributed proportionally to the number of votes between political parties that cleared the 0.5 % threshold; 5 % are distributed to parties that obtained less than 0.5 % of votes and to parties that did not participate in the last elections. Source
'Article 19: 2. Ky fond ndahet sipas rregullave të mëposhtme: 'Article 87: State Budget funds to finance parties participating in elections1. Political parties participating in the elections, which have received no less than 0.5 per cent of votes nationwide, are entitled to State Budget funds, based on the number of votes of each party in those elections. This fund is determined through a decision of the Assembly and comprises a separate item in the State Budget for the respective electoral year. This fund may not be lower than the aggregate sum allocated to political parties in the previous elections.2. Within 5 days from the declaration of the final result at national level, the CEC determines, by a decision, the monetary value of a valid vote, dividing the adopted general fund by the overall number of valid votes received by the political parties that participated in the last elections which have received no less than 0.5 per cent of valid votes at national level. For elections for local government bodies, the calculation is based on the number of votes received for the local councils at national level.3. The CEC calculates the amount due to each party, by multiplying the monetary value of one valid vote, as defined in point 2 of this article, with the number of valid votes received by each party in the last elections.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015) 'Parties that received more than 0.5 per cent of valid votes during the last parliamentary elections receive 95 per cent of the funds, proportionally to the number of valid votes received. The remaining 5 per cent is distributed to parties that received less than 0.5 per cent of votes and to parties that did not participate in the last elections. On 31 July, the CEC reviewed funds entitlement for the parties that obtained more than 0.5 per cent of valid votes.' (Source: OSCE/ODIHR (2017) Republic of Albania, Parliamentary Elections, 25 June 2017. OSCE/ODIHR Election Observation Mission Final Report. OSCE/ODIHR, Warsaw”, p. 14)
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31. What are the provisions on 'ear marking' direct public funding to political parties (how it should be used)? |
Code
No
Comment
NA Source
NA |
32. Are there provisions for free or subsidized access to media for political parties? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Parties have the right to use the public mass media free of charge in electoral campaigns and referenda. Source
'Article 22: Shteti lehtëson veprimtarinë e partive politike. Lehtësimi nga shteti i veprimtarisë së partive politike përfshin fushat si vijon: 'Article 80: Electoral campaign of electoral subjects on the Public Radio and Television1. During the electoral campaign, the Public Radio and Television provides to registered political parties and to the CEC free airtime for campaigning, which is allocated according to the following rules: a) a total of two hours is provided to the CEC according to the time slots it requests. At least two-thirds of this time shall be between 18:00 and 22:00; b) for parliamentary parties that received more than 20 per cent of the seats in the last elections to the Assembly, the CEC allocates equal airtime of no less than 30 minutes on the Public Television and the same airtime on the Public Radio; for the rest of the parliamentary parties, this airtime is no less than 15 minutes. If airtime is increased for one party or one respective coalition, the time allotted to another party or coalition shall be proportionally increased; c) each party that does not hold a seat in the Assembly, but runs in elections is allocated 10 minutes of airtime on the Public Television and 10 minutes of airtime on the Public Radio; he respective electoral subject must be clearly identifiable on any political programme or advertisement for purposes of electoral propaganda. If the political programme or advertisement is not clearly identifiable, the CEC orders the immediate suspension of its broadcast until the subject is rendered identifiable according to the requirements in this point.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015) |
33. What criteria determine allocation for free or subsidized access to media for political parties? |
Code
Comment
Parties that received 20% of seats in the last parliamentary elections are provided with at least 30 minutes of airtime daily on Public TV and on Public Radio; other parliamentary parties - with at least 15 minutes daily; non-parliamentary parties - with 10 minutes daily. Source
'Article 80: Electoral campaign of electoral subjects on the Public Radio and Television1. During the electoral campaign, the Public Radio and Television provides to registered political parties and to the CEC free airtime for campaigning, which is allocated according to the following rules: a) a total of two hours is provided to the CEC according to the time slots it requests. At least two-thirds of this time shall be between 18:00 and 22:00; b) for parliamentary parties that received more than 20 per cent of the seats in the last elections to the Assembly, the CEC allocates equal airtime of no less than 30 minutes on the Public Television and the same airtime on the Public Radio; for the rest of the parliamentary parties, this airtime is no less than 15 minutes. If airtime is increased for one party or one respective coalition, the time allotted to another party or coalition shall be proportionally increased; c) each party that does not hold a seat in the Assembly, but runs in elections is allocated 10 minutes of airtime on the Public Television and 10 minutes of airtime on the Public Radio; he respective electoral subject must be clearly identifiable on any political programme or advertisement for purposes of electoral propaganda. If the political programme or advertisement is not clearly identifiable, the CEC orders the immediate suspension of its broadcast until the subject is rendered identifiable according to the requirements in this point.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015). ' In addition, according to the CEC decision, the SP and DP (with more than 20 per cent of seats in the parliament) received 60 minutes of free air time; the SMI, PJIU, and CDP (with less than 20 per cent of parliamentary seats) received 30 minutes each; and each of the remaining 11 contesting non-parliamentary parties |
34. Are there provisions for free or subsidized access to media for candidates? |
Code
No
Comment
There are no explicit regulations on the candidates' coverage by the media, only regarding political parties. Source
'Article 80: Electoral campaign of electoral subjects on the Public Radio and Television1. During the electoral campaign, the Public Radio and Television provides to registered political parties and to the CEC free airtime for campaigning, which is allocated according to the following rules: a) a total of two hours is provided to the CEC according to the time slots it requests. At least two-thirds of this time shall be between 18:00 and 22:00; b) for parliamentary parties that received more than 20 per cent of the seats in the last elections to the Assembly, the CEC allocates equal airtime of no less than 30 minutes on the Public Television and the same airtime on the Public Radio; for the rest of the parliamentary parties, this airtime is no less than 15 minutes. If airtime is increased for one party or one respective coalition, the time allotted to another party or coalition shall be proportionally increased; c) each party that does not hold a seat in the Assembly, but runs in elections is allocated 10 minutes of airtime on the Public Television and 10 minutes of airtime on the Public Radio; he respective electoral subject must be clearly identifiable on any political programme or advertisement for purposes of electoral propaganda. If the political programme or advertisement is not clearly identifiable, the CEC orders the immediate suspension of its broadcast until the subject is rendered identifiable according to the requirements in this point.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015). 'In addition, according to the CEC decision, the SP and DP (with more than 20 per cent of seats in the parliament) received 60 minutes of free air time; the SMI, PJIU, and CDP (with less than 20 per cent of parliamentary seats) received 30 minutes each; and each of the remaining 11 contesting non-parliamentary parties |
35. Are there provisions for any other form of indirect public funding? |
Code
Yes
Comment
The parliamentary parties are furnished with buildings for their central headquarters and local offices (alternatively the State pays the rent).
Source
'Article 22: Shteti lehtëson veprimtarinë e partive politike. Lehtësimi nga shteti i veprimtarisë së partive politike përfshin fushat si vijon: '28. According to section 22 LPP, the State facilitates the activity of political parties by the two following means:a) ...;b) the parliamentary parties are furnished with buildings for their central headquarters and local offices; where this is impossible, the State takes over the payment of rent.' (Source: GRECO (2008) Evaluation Report on Albania, Transparency of Party Funding (Theme II), p. 6) |
36. Is the provision of direct public funding to political parties tied to gender equality among candidates? |
Code
Yes
Comment
30% of candidates must be women in all elections. Failure to comply is punishable by fines, which are taken from each party's respective public funding. Source
'Article 15. 1. Equal gender representation in all legislative, executive, judicial organs, as well as in other public institutions, shall be achieved when: a) a representation of above 30 percent of both genders, including their steering organs is ensured; b)equal observation of competition procedures and criteria for both genders for the assignments in these organs is ensured;c)a participation of above 30 percent of both genders in the list of candidates for the local government elections is ensured; c) a participation of not less than 30 percent of each gender in the candidates' proportional system list presented by the political parties for the general Assembly elections is ensured; d) a participation of above 30% of each gender in the central and local elections process administration organs is ensured. 2. Political parties shall define methods and measures to comply with the requirements provided in item 1 of this article. 3. Should they violate the provisions of this article, political parties shall pay a fine of up to one tenth of the state funds for the electoral campaign until the violation ceases.' (Source: Law no. 9970 on Gender Equality in Society, 2008) |
37. Are there provisions for other financial advantages to encourage gender equality in political parties? |
Code
No
Comment
NA Source
NA |
Question | Value |
---|---|
38. Is there a ban on vote buying? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Vote buying entails criminal liability Source
'Art. 328: Offering or giving money or material goods, making promises of employment or other favours in any form, in order to get signatures to field a candidate, vote in a certain way, or participate or not participate in voting, constitutes criminal contravention and is punishable by imprisonment of six months to two years. |
39. Are there limits on the amount a political party can spend? |
Code
Yes
Comment
A political party, including its candidates, may not spend more than 10 times the highest amount that a contestant has received from public funds. Source
'Article 90: Registration of non-public funds. 3. The total expenses made by a political party, including its candidates, for an electoral campaign shall not exceed 10 times the highest amount that an electoral subject has received from public funds, according to article 87/3 of this Code. Every expense for the electoral campaign is documented and carried out in respect of the fiscal legislation in force.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015). 'The Electoral Code establishes a campaign spending limit, which amounted to ALL 280 million for these elections.' (Source: OSCE/ODIHR (2017) Republic of Albania, Parliamentary Elections, 25 June 2017. OSCE/ODIHR Election Observation Mission Final Report. OSCE/ODIHR, Warsaw”, p. 15)
|
40. If there are limits on the amount a political party can spend, what is the limit? |
Code
10 times the highest amount that an electoral subject has received from public funds.
Comment
A political party, including its candidates, may not spend more than 10 times the highest amount that a contestant has received from public funds. Source
'Article 90: Registration of non-public funds. 3. The total expenses made by a political party, including its candidates, for an electoral campaign shall not exceed 10 times the highest amount that an electoral subject has received from public funds, according to article 87/3 of this Code. Every expense for the electoral campaign is documented and carried out in respect of the fiscal legislation in force.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015). 'The Electoral Code establishes a campaign spending limit, which amounted to ALL 280 million for these elections.' (Source: OSCE/ODIHR (2017) Republic of Albania, Parliamentary Elections, 25 June 2017. OSCE/ODIHR Election Observation Mission Final Report. OSCE/ODIHR, Warsaw”, p. 15) |
41. Are there limits on the amount a candidate can spend? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Up to 50 per cent of the highest amount that an electoral subject has obtained from public funds. Source
'Article 90: Registration of non-public funds. 4. The total amount that a candidate proposed by voters may spend shall not exceed 50 per cent of the highest amount that an electoral subject has obtained from public funds, according to article 87/3 of this Code.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015). |
42. If there are limits on the amount a candidate can spend, what is the limit? |
Code
Not more than 50 per cent of the highest amount that an electoral subject has obtained from public funds.
Comment
Up to 50 per cent of the highest amount that an electoral subject has obtained from public funds. Source
'Article 90: Registration of non-public funds. 4. The total amount that a candidate proposed by voters may spend shall not exceed 50 per cent of the highest amount that an electoral subject has obtained from public funds, according to article 87/3 of this Code.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015). |
43. Are there limits on the amount that third parties can spend on election campaign activities? |
Code
No
Comment
NA Source
NA |
44. Are there limits on traditional media advertising spending in relation to election campaigns? |
Code
Yes, for political parties
Yes, for candidates
Comment
Parliamentary parties: a limit of 90 minutes for the entire campaign on each private radio and television station; Non-parliamentary parties and independent candidates: a limit of 10 minutes for the entire campaign on each private radio and television station Source
'Article 84: Electoral campaign on private radio and television stations. 5. The total airtime for political advertisements during the entire election campaign on each private radio and television station may not exceed 90 minutes for each party registered in elections. In any case, radio and television broadcasters apply the same fees for the same time slot throughout the campaign. Five days before the beginning of the electoral campaign, the radio and television broadcasters shall submit the fees for each time slot to the CEC. The fees are published on the official website of the CEC. 9. Private radios and televisions make available extra airtime for the advertisements of non-parliamentary parties and candidates proposed by the voters, in addition to the airtime applied according to point 5 of this article. The airtime for the advertisements of each non-parliamentary party and candidates proposed by voters shall not exceed 10 minutes for the entire electoral campaign.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015). |
45. Are there limits on online media advertising spending in relation to election campaigns? |
Code
No
Comment
NA Source
NA |
46. Do any other restrictions on online media advertisement (beyond limits) exist? |
Code
No
Comment
NA Source
NA |
Question | Value |
---|---|
47. Do political parties have to report regularly on their finances? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Parties are required to submit financial reports to the Central Elections Commission on annual basis. Source
'Article 23: (shfuqizuar pjesërisht me vendimin e Gjykatës Kushtetuese nr. 33, datë 9.5.2001 dhe n dryshuar me ligjin nr. 10374, datë 10.2.2011) 'The authorities of Albania submit that, in order to comply with the first and second parts of the recommendation, Article 23 of the Law No. 8580 on political parties was amended in February 2011 to introduce an obligation for political parties to submit once per year to the CEC financial reports containing detailed information on their funding sources and on their expenses, based on standardised templates to be approved by the CEC. According to the same article, they also have |
48. Do political parties have to report on their election campaign finances? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Parties must submit reports on their campaign financing to the Central Election Commission. Source
'Article 91: Auditing of electoral campaign funds and expenses1. No later than 5 days after the declaration of the final election result for each political party registered as an electoral subject or for the candidates proposed by the voters, the CEC appoints by lot one or more certified accounting experts, selected in accordance with article 92 of this Code, to perform an audit of the funds received and spent for the electoral campaign. The audit report shall be submitted to the CEC by the deadline provided for in the appointment decision. The report may not include personal data of donors under the value provided for in point 2 of article 90 of this Code.2. The electoral subjects specified in point 1 of this article shall make available to the auditor appointed by the CEC all information, documents or data that are related to the financing and expenses of the electoral campaign in accordance with this Code.3. The electoral subjects that are being audited shall make available all the information they have from the banks, institutions or third persons related to the audit, or authorize the auditor to obtain such information from third parties. The CEC shall make available to the auditor the information it receives from third parties about the subject being audited, at each phase of the auditing process.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015) 'Article 24/3: Dokumentimi i shpenzimeve. 1. Partitë politike janë të detyruara të dokumentojnë në mënyrë të saktë dhe të plotë, sipas rregullave të legjislacionit në fuqi, të gjithë shpenzimet e kryera dhe mënyrën e përdorimit të fondeve gjatë fushatës zgjedhore. Të gjithë personat përgjegjës për financat në një parti politike trajnohen nga Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve, për mbajtjen, administrimin, raportimin dhe ruajtjen e dokumentacionit dhe të dhënave sipas këtij neni.
|
49. Do candidates have to report on their election campaign finances? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Candidates are subject to the same legislation as political parties in this regard. Source
'Article 90: Registration of non-public funds. 4. Obligations provided for in this article are also applicable to candidates proposed by voters who are registered in accordance with articles 69 and 70 of this Code.' 'Article 91: Auditing of electoral campaign funds and expenses1. No later than 5 days after the declaration of the final election result for each political party registered as an electoral subject or for the candidates proposed by the voters, the CEC appoints by lot one or more certified accounting experts, selected in accordance with article 92 of this Code, to perform an audit of the funds received and spent for the electoral campaign. The audit report shall be submitted to the CEC by the deadline provided for in the appointment decision. The report may not include personal data of donors under the value provided for in point 2 of article 90 of this Code.2. The electoral subjects specified in point 1 of this article shall make available to the auditor appointed by the CEC all information, documents or data that are related to the financing and expenses of the electoral campaign in accordance with this Code.3. The electoral subjects that are being audited shall make available all the information they have from the banks, institutions or third persons related to the audit, or authorize the auditor to obtain such information from third parties. The CEC shall make available to the auditor the information it receives from third parties about the subject being audited, at each phase of the auditing process.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015) |
50. Do third parties have to report on election campaign finances? |
Code
No
Comment
The regulatory framework on elections does not cover the electoral activity of third party actors. Source
'The definition of third party actors is limited and is covered by the legislation in place for legal persons. Their financial reporting is subject of the law on Tax Procedures on the republic of Albania. They are not required to submit itemized financial reports to the CEC, and no information on independent expenditures or contributions must be reported to the CEC.' (Source: MoneyPoliticsTransparency.org. 2016. Albania.) |
51. Is information in reports from political parties and/or candidates to be made public? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Statutory funding: The annual financial report must be published on the official website of the Central Election Commission no later than 30 days from its submission by the political party. Election financing: Political parties registered as electoral competitors are required to make public and to submit to the Central Election Commission a report on the financial declaration of the campaign within 60 days from the announcement of the election result. Source
'Article 23: 5. Raporti financiar vjetor, raporti i ekspertëve kontabël të licencuar, raporti financiar i fushatës zgjedhore dhe raporti i Komisionit Qendror të Zgjedhjeve publikohen në faqen zyrtare të internetit të Komisionit Qendror të Zgjedhjeve jo më vonë se 30 ditë nga koha e dorëzimit të tyre prej partisë politike.' (Source: Law on Political Parties, No. 8580, date 17.2.2000, as ameneded: No. 9452/2.2.2006, No. 10374/10.2.2011, No. 17/2014, No. 90/2017/22.5.2017). 'Article 24/3: Dokumentimi i shpenzimeve. 1. Partitë politike janë të detyruara të dokumentojnë në mënyrë të saktë dhe të plotë, sipas rregullave të legjislacionit në fuqi, të gjithë shpenzimet e kryera dhe mënyrën e përdorimit të fondeve gjatë fushatës zgjedhore. Të gjithë personat përgjegjës për financat në një parti politike trajnohen nga Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve, për mbajtjen, administrimin, raportimin dhe ruajtjen e dokumentacionit dhe të dhënave sipas këtij neni. 'The CEC was tasked to develop guidelines for calculating campaign costs and appoint financial experts to monitor campaigns. In addition, parties contesting the
|
52. Must reports from political parties and/or candidates reveal the identity of donors? |
Code
Sometimes
Comment
The special register includes all private funds received, indicating the amount of contributions made by each physical or legal person and further information allowing the clear identification of the donors. Note however that only the identity of persons who have donated more than 100,000 ALL is made public. Source
'Article 23/1: 1. Çdo parti politike duhet të regjistrojë në një regjistër të posaçëm, sipas formatit të miratuar nga Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve, shumën e fondeve të përfituara nga çdo person fizik ose juridik, si dhe të dhëna që lidhen me identifikimin e qartë të dhuruesit. Në çdo rast, dhuruesi, në kohën e dhurimit, nënshkruan detyrimisht një deklaratë dhurimi, sipas formatit të miratuar nga Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve. Lista e personave, që dhurojnë shuma jo më pak se 100 mijë lekë, si dhe vlera përkatëse, duhet të bëhen kurdoherë publike.' (Source: Law on Political Parties, No. 8580, date 17.2.2000, as ameneded: No. 9452/2.2.2006, No. 10374/10.2.2011, No. 17/2014, No. 90/2017/22.5.2017) 'Article 91: Auditing of electoral campaign funds and expenses(...)4. The CEC shall publish the audit reports for electoral subjects no later than 30 days from the date the report has been submitted, or depending on the case, from the date the respective verifications have been completed. The names of persons who donate amounts of no less than ALL 100,000, as well as the respective amounts, are published together with the report.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015) |
53. Must reports from political parties and/or candidates include information on itemized income? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Financial reports of party and candidates should itemized by source and amount, including the way in which the payment was performed. Source
'Article 24/3: Dokumentimi i shpenzimeve. 2. Partia politike dorëzon në Komisionin Qendror të Zgjedhjeve kopje të plotë të dokumentacionit për çdo pagesë të kryer gjatë periudhës së fushatës zgjedhore. Brenda 60 ditëve nga shpallja e rezultatit të zgjedhjeve, çdo parti politike që është regjistruar në zgjedhje, duhet të bëjë publik dhe të dorëzojë pranë Komisionit Qendror të Zgjedhjeve një raport për deklarimin financiar të fushatës, duke përfshirë të gjitha degët dhe pjesët e veta përbërëse. Raporti përmban në mënyrë të saktë: a) të ardhurat e përfituara apo që ka në gjendje partia politike, duke përfshirë burimin dhe datën e përfitimit, për periudhën nga caktimi i datës së zgjedhjeve, deri në ditën e zgjedhjeve; b) të gjitha shpenzimet e kryera për periudhën nga caktimi i datës së zgjedhjeve, deri në ditën e zgjedhjeve, duke detajuar çdo shpenzim që i është bërë fondit financiar të dhënë për shpenzimet e fushatës zgjedhore; c) bilancin e pasurive dhe detyrimeve që ka partia politike, për periudhën nga data e caktimit të ditës së zgjedhjeve deri në ditën e zgjedhjeve. 3. Çdo parti politike pjesëmarrëse në zgjedhje i mban dhe ruan në arkivat e tyre, për një periudhë 7 (shtatë) vjeçare, okumentacionin e plotë dhe të detajuar të gjendjes financiare të saj dhe të gjitha degëve për periudhën e mbuluar nga raporti, duke përfshirë: a) librat e mbajtjes së llogarive, në përputhje me legjislacionin në fuqi, ku evidentohen të gjitha të ardhurat sipas burimit, shumës, duke e identifikuar mënyrën se si është kryer pagesa, si dhe të gjitha pagesat e kryera ndaj personave të tretë, qëllimi i pagesës dhe mënyra se si është kryer pagesa; b) dokumentacion të saktë për të gjitha shpenzimet e kryera; c) gjendjen dhe lëvizjet në llogaritë bankare të saj; ç) dokumentacionin e plotë të pasurive të paluajtshme në pronësi ose posedim të partisë politike, si dhe çdo kontratë të lidhur për huapërdorje, qira, porosi, apo shitje, të pasurive të luajtshme dhe të paluajtshme.' (Source: Law on Political Parties, No. 8580, date 17.2.2000, as ameneded: No. 9452/2.2.2006, No. 10374/10.2.2011, No. 17/2014, No. 90/2017/22.5.2017) 'In general, the financial reporting is itemized for the funding resources and also for the expenditure. The level of detail and explanations on such information is higher for the main and parliamentary parties. Limited information is given in the reports regarding the in-kind donations and loans. The main parliamentary parties include in their reports details on the donations (name of donors, in kind donations), loans, several types of expenses such as renting of halls for campaign activities (dates and location) or the advertisements in media (airtime, invoice of the TV spot, date of transmission).' (Source: MoneyPoliticsTransparency.org. 2016. Albania) |
54. Must reports from political parties and/or candidates include information on itemized spending? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Financial reports of party and candidates should contain details on spending items, including the purpose of payments and how the payment was performed. Source
'Article 24/3: Dokumentimi i shpenzimeve. 2. Partia politike dorëzon në Komisionin Qendror të Zgjedhjeve kopje të plotë të dokumentacionit për çdo pagesë të kryer gjatë periudhës së fushatës zgjedhore. Brenda 60 ditëve nga shpallja e rezultatit të zgjedhjeve, çdo parti politike që është regjistruar në zgjedhje, duhet të bëjë publik dhe të dorëzojë pranë Komisionit Qendror të Zgjedhjeve një raport për deklarimin financiar të fushatës, duke përfshirë të gjitha degët dhe pjesët e veta përbërëse. Raporti përmban në mënyrë të saktë: a) të ardhurat e përfituara apo që ka në gjendje partia politike, duke përfshirë burimin dhe datën e përfitimit, për periudhën nga caktimi i datës së zgjedhjeve, deri në ditën e zgjedhjeve; b) të gjitha shpenzimet e kryera për periudhën nga caktimi i datës së zgjedhjeve, deri në ditën e zgjedhjeve, duke detajuar çdo shpenzim që i është bërë fondit financiar të dhënë për shpenzimet e fushatës zgjedhore; c) bilancin e pasurive dhe detyrimeve që ka partia politike, për periudhën nga data e caktimit të ditës së zgjedhjeve deri në ditën e zgjedhjeve. 3. Çdo parti politike pjesëmarrëse në zgjedhje i mban dhe ruan në arkivat e tyre, për një periudhë 7 (shtatë) vjeçare, okumentacionin e plotë dhe të detajuar të gjendjes financiare të saj dhe të gjitha degëve për periudhën e mbuluar nga raporti, duke përfshirë: a) librat e mbajtjes së llogarive, në përputhje me legjislacionin në fuqi, ku evidentohen të gjitha të ardhurat sipas burimit, shumës, duke e identifikuar mënyrën se si është kryer pagesa, si dhe të gjitha pagesat e kryera ndaj personave të tretë, qëllimi i pagesës dhe mënyra se si është kryer pagesa; b) dokumentacion të saktë për të gjitha shpenzimet e kryera; c) gjendjen dhe lëvizjet në llogaritë bankare të saj; ç) dokumentacionin e plotë të pasurive të paluajtshme në pronësi ose posedim të partisë politike, si dhe çdo kontratë të lidhur për huapërdorje, qira, porosi, apo shitje, të pasurive të luajtshme dhe të paluajtshme.' (Source: Law on Political Parties, No. 8580, date 17.2.2000, as ameneded: No. 9452/2.2.2006, No. 10374/10.2.2011, No. 17/2014, No. 90/2017/22.5.2017) 'In general, the financial reporting is itemized for the funding resources and also for the expenditure. The level of detail and explanations on such information is higher for the main and parliamentary parties. Limited information is given in the reports regarding the in-kind donations and loans. The main parliamentary parties include in their reports details on the donations (name of donors, in kind donations), loans, several types of expenses such as renting of halls for campaign activities (dates and location) or the advertisements in media (airtime, invoice of the TV spot, date of transmission).' (Source: MoneyPoliticsTransparency.org. 2016. Albania) |
55. Which institution(s) receives financial reports from political parties and/or candidates? |
Code
EMB
Comment
Central Electoral Commission. Source
'The Central Elections Commission is responsible for monitoring and overseeing of political finance. The responsibilities of the CEC are as follows: a) Compiles and approves the rules for the reporting of finances, for monitoring, overseeing and financial auditing of political parties, also for the standardized formats of annual financial reporting; b) Approves the format of the special register for non-public funds of political parties, and also the format and content for the declaration of non-public donations; c) Selects the list of licensed accountants and elects them by an occasional ballot for the purpose of auditing the funds and expenses of political parties; d) Monitors, oversees and audits the financing of electoral subjects through the control of financial documents and accounts of political parties, and of the subjects associated directly or indirectly with political parties or under their control; e) Imposes sanctions in case of irregularities with provisions of this law; f) Compiles awareness raising programmes and organizes trainings on financing of political parties and subjects involved in this process in accordance with the provisions of the law; g) Assigns the amount of public funding to each party as a form of annual financial subsidize in accordance with this law; h) Enacts sub-legal acts in accordance with and for the implementation of this law dispositions.' (Source: MoneyPoliticsTransparency.org. 2016. Albania.) |
56. Which institution(s) is responsible for examining financial reports and/or investigating violations? |
Code
Comment
Central Electoral Comission is the supervisory institution that delegates the auditing of financial reports to licensed accounting experts. Source
'The authorities of Albania report that the February 2011 amendments to Law No. 8580 give an overall mandate to the CEC to supervise and monitor the complete accounts of political parties, both as regards regular party finances and election campaign funding and to impose sanctions in case provisions of the law are infringed (Article 15/2 of Law No. 8580). This institution was preferred to the Supreme State Audit, which previously held competence in respect of the monitoring of public funds received by political parties, but had not carried out any actual supervision over political parties. The amendments to Law No. 8580 also gave to the CEC the same investigation powers over political parties’ regular finances as those it already held over election campaign funding, namely the power to interview individuals, carry out inspections at the parties’ offices and obtain information from the banks and other third persons (Article 23/2 of Law No. 8580).' (Source: GRECO (2011) Compliance Report on Albania: "Incriminations (ETS 173 and 191, GPC 2)": "Transparency of Party Funding", p. 9) 'Article 23/2: 1. Në listën e ekspertëve kontabël të licencuar, që KQZ-ja mban në zbatim të këtij ligji, përfshihen të gjithë ekspertët kontabël të licencuar me eksperiencë, që e ushtrojnë këtë profesion më shumë se pesë vjetët e fundit, të cilët aplikojnë. 2. Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve cakton me short një apo më shumë ekspertë kontabël të licencuar nga lista për të kryer auditimin e fondeve të përfituara dhe të shpenzuara gjatë vitit kalendarik nga partia politike. Caktimi bëhet brenda 45 ditëve nga data e regjistrimit të partisë politike dhe në fillim të çdo viti kalendarik. Raporti i auditimit paraqitet në Komisionin Qendror të Zgjedhjeve brenda afatit të përcaktuar prej këtij komisioni në vendimin e caktimit të ekspertëve. 3. Partitë politike duhet të vënë në dispozicion të ekspertit të caktuar nga Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve çdo informacion, dokument apo të dhënë, që kanë të bëjnë me financimin dhe shpenzimet e kryera gjatë vitit kalendarik, sipas këtij ligji.' (Source: Law on Political Parties, No. 8580, date 17.2.2000, as ameneded: No. 9452/2.2.2006, No. 10374/10.2.2011, No. 17/2014, No. 90/2017/22.5.2017). |
57. What power is granted to the institution(s) responsible for examining reports and/or investigating violations? |
Code
Carry out investigation
Request additional information from potential violator
Request additional information from others
Impose sanctions
Comment
Central Electoral Commision is provided with relatively extensive powers to carry out investigations related to potential breaches and apply administrative sanctions. Source
'55. The authorities of Albania stress that the February 2011 amendments to the law on political parties introduce in this law a new Article 23/4 , which sets out administrative sanctions, to be applied by the CEC, for the infringements of this law. 56. GRECO notes that administrative sanctions, ranging from fines to a suspension of public funding for up to five years were introduced in the law on political parties for violations of general party funding provisions and that they appear to be in line with the requirements of Article 16 of Recommendation Rec(2003)4. Although GRECO would have favoured a more specific wording of 'Article 23/2: 3. Partitë politike duhet të vënë në dispozicion të ekspertit të caktuar nga Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve çdo informacion, dokument apo të dhënë, që kanë të bëjnë me financimin dhe shpenzimet e kryera gjatë vitit kalendarik, sipas këtij ligji. 4. Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve mund të bëjë verifikime të të dhënave të raportit, nëpërmjet pyetjes së personave dhe subjekteve të ndryshme, këqyrjes së dokumenteve që lidhen me këtë çështje, pranë zyrave përkatëse të partive politike që kanë paraqitur raportin, si dhe marrjes së çdo informacioni nga bankat apo persona të tretë. Personat fizikë dhe juridikë janë të detyruar të japin ndihmesën e tyre për zhvillimin normal të procedurës së verifikimit.' 'Article 23/4: 1. Shkelja e dispozitave për financimin e partive politike nga ana e personit përgjegjës për financat në partinë politike apo e personit përgjegjës sipas statutit të saj dënohet me gjobë nga 50 000 deri në 100 000 lekë. 2. Shkelja e detyrimit për bashkëpunim me ekspertin kontabël të licencuar, të caktuar nga Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve, nga ana e partisë politike, dënohet me gjobë nga 1 000 000 deri në 2 000 000 lekë. 3. Refuzimi për të bërë transparent burimet e financimit të partisë politike apo për të lejuar ushtrimin e kontrollit nga ana e ekspertit kontabël të licencuar a të Komisionit Qendror të Zgjedhjeve, dënohet me gjobë nga 2 000 000 deri në 5 000 000 lekë ose/dhe me pezullimin deri në 5 vjet të financimit publik për partinë politike. 4. Shkelja e afatit të dorëzimit të raportit financiar në kohën e duhur apo paraqitja e raporteve në shkelje të formateve të standardizuara, të miratuara nga Komisioni Qendror i Zgjedhjeve, dënohet me gjobë nga 50 000 deri në 100 000 lekë. 5. Fondet jopublike të përfituara nga partia politike, kur identiteti i dhuruesit nuk njihet apo nuk është i përcaktuar qartë, kalojnë për llogari të Komisionit Qendror të Zgjedhjeve. 6. Pranimi i fondeve jopublike, me vlerë më të madhe se 100 mijë lekë dhe kur transaksioni nuk është kryer nëpërmjet llogarisë bankare dënohet me gjobë në masën 30 për qind të shumës së dhuruar.' (Source: Law on Political Parties, No. 8580, date 17.2.2000, as ameneded: No. 9452/2.2.2006, No. 10374/10.2.2011, No. 17/2014, No. 90/2017/22.5.2017). |
58. What sanctions are provided for political finance infractions? |
Code
Comment
Fines and loss of public funding for up to 5 years. Source
'Sanctions regarding political finance violations occurred during non-electoral campaign period are covered by the Law on Political Parties as follows: - Violation of legal dispositions on political parties' financing by the responsible person for finances within the political party or the person assigned as in its respective statute is subject to a fine ranging from 50,000 ALL (approximately 480 USD) to 100,000 ALL (approximately 960 USD). - The infringement of the obligation of the political party to cooperate with the certified accounting expert assigned by the Central Election Commission is subject to a fine of 1,000,000 to 2,000,000 ALL (approximately 9,615 to 19,230 USD). - Failure or refusal to make transparent the financial resources of the political party or to allow the auditing by the certified auditor of Central Election Commission to take place is subject to a fine ranging from 2,000,000 ALL (approximately 19,230 USD) to a five-year suspension of public funding for the political party. - The failure to submit the financial report within the assigned dealine or the submission of reports which fail to comply with the standardised template approved by the Central Election Commission is subject to a fine of 50,000 (approximately 480 USD) to100,000 ALL (approximately 960 USD). - Non-public funds received by the political party, if the identity of the donor is unknown or not clearly defined, shall be passed on to the Central Election Commission account. - Receipt of non-public funds excessing the amount of 100,000 ALL (approximately 960 USD) and not transferred through bank account is subject to a fine of 30% of the donated amount.' (Source: MoneyPoliticsTransparency.org. 2016. Albania.) 'Article 87: 8. The party, which does not return the respective funds, based on point 6 of this article, within 90 days, loses the right for new financing from public funds for a period of no less than 5 years, and is not registered as an electoral subject in the next elections, regardless of their type, either alone or as a member of a coalition.' (Source: The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, No. 10019/29.12. 2008, as amended No. 31/02.04.2015) 'Article 328: Provision of remunerations and promises. Offering or provision of money or material goods, making promise for jobs or for other advantages in whatever form, for the purpose of receiving the signature for the submitting the candidate, for voting in a certain way, or for participating or not in voting process, constitutes penal misdemeanour and is sentenced by imprisonment from six months up to two years. Acceptance of money, material goods, promises and other advantages against the accomplishment of above-mentioned actions, constitutes penal misdemeanour and is sentenced by fines.' (Source: Criminal Code of the Republic of Albania, No 7895/1995, Compilation date: 06.11.2015). |