New Zealand
Question | Value |
---|---|
1. Is there a ban on donations from foreign interests to political parties? |
Code
No
Comment
There is no ban, but there is a NZD 50 limit on such donations. Source
207 Interpretation […] 207K Overseas donation or contribution may not exceed $50 […] |
2. Is there a ban on donations from foreign interests to candidates? |
Code
No
Comment
There is no ban, but there is a NZD 50 limit on such donations. Source
207 Interpretation […]
|
3. Is there a ban on corporate donations to political parties? |
Code
No
Comment
There is no ban, but there is a NZD 1,500 limit . Source
207 Interpretation […] |
4. Is there a ban on corporate donations to candidates? |
Code
No
Source
207 Interpretation […] |
5. Is there a ban on donations from Trade Unions to political parties? |
Code
No
Comment
There is no explicit ban on donations from Trade Unions. Source
207 Interpretation […] |
6. Is there a ban on donations from Trade Unions to candidates? |
Code
No
Comment
There is no explicit ban on donations from Trade Unions. Source
207 Interpretation […] |
7. Is there a ban on anonymous donations to political parties? |
Code
Yes, above certain threshold
Comment
There is no ban, but there is a limit on such donations: Source
207 Interpretation […] |
8. Is there a ban on anonymous donations to candidates? |
Code
Yes, above certain threshold
Comment
There is no ban, but there is a limit on such donations: Source
207 Interpretation […] |
9. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with government contracts to political parties? |
Code
No
Comment
There no explicit ban on donations from corporations with government contracts. Source
207 Interpretation […] |
10. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with government contracts to candidates? |
Code
No
Comment
There no explicit ban on donations from corporations with government contracts. Source
207 Interpretation […] |
11. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with partial government ownership to political parties? |
Code
No
Comment
There no explicit ban on donations from corporations with partial government ownership Source
207 Interpretation […] |
12. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with partial government ownership to candidates? |
Code
No
Comment
There no explicit ban on donations from corporations with partial government ownership. Source
207 Interpretation […] |
13. Is there a ban on the use of state resources in favour or against a political party or candidate? |
Code
No
Comment
No explicit ban. But if state servants are to support party politics (especially during campaigns) certain restrictions apply. "State servants must ensure that they do not confuse their political rights with their employment responsibilities. State services agencies must ensure that they respect the political rights of their employees and do not impinge on these rights beyond what is lawful. These principles apply at all times but special care must be taken in an election period. It is also a well-established convention that stricter requirements apply to State servants who:
These State servants should avoid active involvement in political activity if it could be perceived as conflicting with their political neutrality obligations." Source
Source: Electoral Act 1993, (amended 2020) https://ssc.govt.nz/resources/election-guidance-2017?e1019=action_viewall |
14. Is there a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during a non-election specific period? |
Code
No data
Comment
There is no such limit, only the limit for the amount of a single donation applies.
Source
Source: Electoral Act 1993, (amended 2020) |
15. If there is a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during a non-election specific period, what is the limit? |
Code
Not applicable
|
16. Is there a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during an election? |
Code
No
Comment
There is no such limit, only the limit for the amount of a single donation applies. Source
Source: Electoral Act 1993, (amended 2020) |
17. If there is a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during an election, what is the limit? |
Code
Not applicable
|
18. Is there a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a candidate? |
Code
No
Comment
There is no such limit, only the limit for the amount of a single donation applies. Source
Source: Electoral Act 1993, (amended 2020) |
19. If there is a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a candidate, what is the limit? |
Code
Not applicable
|
20. Is there a limit on the amount a candidate can contribute to their own election campaign? |
Code
No
Comment
There is no such limit, only the limit for the amount of a single donation applies. Source
Source: Electoral Act 1993, (amended 2020) |
21. Is there a limit on in-kind donations to political parties? |
Code
No
Comment
There is no such limit, only the limit for the amount of a single donation applies. Source
Source: Electoral Act 1993, (amended 2020) |
22. Is there a limit on in-kind donations to candidates? |
Code
No
Comment
Only the limit for the amount of a single donation applies (applies to both cash and in-kind donations). Source
Source: Electoral Act 1993, (amended 2020) |
23. Is there a ban on political parties engaging in commercial activities? |
Code
No
Source
Source: Electoral Act 1993, (amended 2020) |
24. Is there a ban on political parties taking loans in relation to election campaigns? |
Code
No
Comment
No restrictions regarding maximum amounts etc., but many rules concerning the procedure and disclosure. Only a party secretary may take out loans on behalf of the party, party secretaries must keep records of those loans, and returns, with varying contents, must be filed for loans exceeding different threshold amounts. Source
213 Party secretary may enter into loan on behalf of party |
25. Is there a ban on candidates taking loans in relation to election campaigns? |
Code
No data
Comment
There are only provisions regarding political parties taking loans. Source
Source: Electoral Act 1993, (amended 2020) |
26. Is there a ban on donors to political parties/candidates participating in public tender/procurement processes? |
Code
No
Source
Source: Electoral Act 1993, (amended 2020) |
27. Are there provisions requiring donations to go through the banking system? |
Code
No
Source
Source: Electoral Act 1993, (amended 2020) |
Question | Value |
---|---|
28. Are there provisions for direct public funding to political parties? |
Code
Yes, in relation to campaigns
Source
74. Public money to be appropriated for funding election programmes and
|
29. What are the eligibility criteria for political parties to receive public funding? |
Code
Registration as a political party
Source
78. Criteria for allocating money to party |
30. What is the allocation calculation for political parties to receive public funding? |
Code
Proportional to votes received
Proportional to seats received
Source
78. Criteria for allocating money to party |
31. What are the provisions on 'ear marking' direct public funding to political parties (how it should be used)? |
Code
Campaign spending
Comment
Direct public funds are provided for funding election programmes and election advertising in relation to general election. Source
74. Public money to be appropriated for funding election programmes and |
32. Are there provisions for free or subsidized access to media for political parties? |
Code
Yes
Source
74. Public money to be appropriated for funding election programmes and |
33. What criteria determine allocation for free or subsidized access to media for political parties? |
Code
Source
78. Criteria for allocating money to party |
34. Are there provisions for free or subsidized access to media for candidates? |
Code
Yes
Source
|
35. Are there provisions for any other form of indirect public funding? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Candidates are allowed to use public school rooms to hold public campaign meetings without charge. Source
154 Use of public schoolrooms for election meetings |
36. Is the provision of direct public funding to political parties tied to gender equality among candidates? |
Code
No
Source
Source: Electoral Act 1993, (amended 2020) |
37. Are there provisions for other financial advantages to encourage gender equality in political parties? |
Code
No
Source
Source: Electoral Act 1993, (amended 2020) |
Question | Value |
---|---|
38. Is there a ban on vote buying? |
Code
Yes
Source
216 Bribery |
39. Are there limits on the amount a political party can spend? |
Code
Yes
Source
206C Maximum amount of party’s total election expenses |
40. If there are limits on the amount a political party can spend, what is the limit? |
Code
NZD 1,169,000
Source
206C Maximum amount of party’s total election expenses |
41. Are there limits on the amount a candidate can spend? |
Code
Yes
Source
205C Maximum amount of candidate’s total election expenses |
42. If there are limits on the amount a candidate can spend, what is the limit? |
Code
NZD 27,500
Source
205C Maximum amount of candidate’s total election expenses |
43. Are there limits on the amount that third parties can spend on election campaign activities? |
Code
Yes, spending limit exists
Source
204B Persons who may promote election advertisements 206V Maximum amount of registered promoter’s total election expenses |
44. Are there limits on traditional media advertising spending in relation to election campaigns? |
Code
No
Source
Source: Broadcasting Act 1989, (amended 2017) |
45. Are there limits on online media advertising spending in relation to election campaigns? |
Code
No
Comment
But regular publishing procedures apply also explicitly to online media. "3D: Meaning of publish
Source
Electoral Act 1993 (amended 2020), Section 3D |
46. Do any other restrictions on online media advertisement (beyond limits) exist? |
Code
No data
|
Question | Value |
---|---|
47. Do political parties have to report regularly on their finances? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Parties must file an annual return on party donations. Specific reporting duties arise from donations from the same source exceeding $30,000 Source
210 Annual return of party donations (1) A party secretary must file with the Electoral Commission, for each year, a return of party donations setting out—[…] |
48. Do political parties have to report on their election campaign finances? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Parties must file reports on their election expenses and on their allocation expenses. Source
206I Return of party’s election expenses |
49. Do candidates have to report on their election campaign finances? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Candidates must file reports on expenses and donations with the Electoral Commission. Source
205K Return of candidate’s election expenses 209. Return of candidate donations |
50. Do third parties have to report on election campaign finances? |
Code
Sometimes
Comment
Third parties that are "registered promoters" and spend more than $100,000 are required to file a report. Source
206ZC Return of registered promoter’s election expenses |
51. Is information in reports from political parties and/or candidates to be made public? |
Code
Yes
Comment
The Electoral Commission has discretion to make reports public. Source
206Q Return of party’s election expenses and return of party’s allocation expenses to be publicly available |
52. Must reports from political parties and/or candidates reveal the identity of donors? |
Code
Sometimes
Source
209 Return of candidate donations |
53. Must reports from political parties and/or candidates include information on itemized income? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Donations above $15,000 are itemized. For others, number and total amount of donations must be reported. Source
210 Annual return of party donations |
54. Must reports from political parties and/or candidates include information on itemized spending? |
Code
Yes
Source
206Q Return of party’s election expenses and return of party’s allocation expenses to be publicly available 206ZH Return of registered promoter’s election expenses to be publicly available |
55. Which institution(s) receives financial reports from political parties and/or candidates? |
Code
EMB
Comment
The Electoral Commission Source
205K Return of candidate’s election expenses |
56. Which institution(s) is responsible for examining financial reports and/or investigating violations? |
Code
EMB
Comment
The Electoral Commission. Source
6 Powers of Electoral Commission |
57. What power is granted to the institution(s) responsible for examining reports and/or investigating violations? |
Code
Refer for investigation
Carry out investigation
Request additional information from potential violator
Request additional information from others
Source
6 Powers of Electoral Commission |
58. What sanctions are provided for political finance infractions? |
Code
Comment
Some examples of provisions below. Source
207D Offence relating to contravention of section 207C |