North Macedonia, Republic of
Question | Value |
---|---|
1. Is there a ban on donations from foreign interests to political parties? |
Code
Yes
Comment
The political parties cannot be financed by: - governments, international institutions, bodies and organizations of foreign states and other foreign entities, - state and local bodies with funds other than the ones envisaged in the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia, except the funds envisaged in this Law and the laws on elections, - public institutions, public enterprises, public funds or other legal entities that manage state capital, - public enterprises, public institutions and public funds established by the municipalities, - enterprises that have at least 20% participation of state-owned capital, public institutions and institutions including those that have initiated the process of privatization, - private enterprises that, at the moment of giving the contribution to the political party, render public services to state bodies or public institutions, enterprises and funds based on an agreement, - citizens’ associations (non-governmental organizations), religious communities or religious groups, - funds of enterprises with mixed capital where a dominant owner is a foreign investor, and - anonymous or unidentified sources. Source
Article 20, Law on Financing Political Parties, 2018 |
2. Is there a ban on donations from foreign interests to candidates? |
Code
Yes
Comment
"1) The election campaign may not be financed from: -funds from foreign governments, international institutions, bodies, and organisations of foreign states and other foreigners; Source
Source: Article 83, Electoral code (2018 consolidated text) |
3. Is there a ban on corporate donations to political parties? |
Code
No
Comment
The political parties cannot be financed by: - governments, international institutions, bodies and organizations of foreign states and other foreign entities, - state and local bodies with funds other than the ones envisaged in the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia, except the funds envisaged in this Law and the laws on elections, - public institutions, public enterprises, public funds or other legal entities that manage state capital, - public enterprises, public institutions and public funds established by the municipalities, - enterprises that have at least 20% participation of state-owned capital, public institutions and institutions including those that have initiated the process of privatization, - private enterprises that, at the moment of giving the contribution to the political party, render public services to state bodies or public institutions, enterprises and funds based on an agreement, - citizens’ associations (non-governmental organizations), religious communities or religious groups, - funds of enterprises with mixed capital where a dominant owner is a foreign investor, and - anonymous or unidentified sources. Source
Article 20, Law on Financing Political Parties, 2018 |
4. Is there a ban on corporate donations to candidates? |
Code
No
Comment
"(1) The election campaign may not be financed from: - funds from the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia, except the funds defined in article 86, paragraph (2) of this Code; - funds from the budget of municipalities and the City of Skopje, except the funds defined in article 86, paragraph (2) of this Code; - funds from public enterprises and institutions; - funds from citizens' associations, religious communities, religious groups, and foundations; funds from foreign governments, international institutions, bodies, and organisations of foreign states and other foreigners; funds from joint ventures with dominant foreign capital; and funds from unidentified sources. (2) The election campaign may be financed by: the membership fee of the political party; private persons, up to 3.000 Euro in MKD equivalent; and legal entities, to the amount of 30.000 Euro in MKD equivalent. (3) The election campaign may be financed by donations of private persons and legal entities in a form of money, goods and services in a value that may not exceed the amount determined in paragraph (2), lines 2 and 3 of this article. (4) If the amount of the donation is larger than the amount determined in paragraph (2), lines 2 and 3 of this article, the participant of the election campaign shall be obliged to transfer the difference between the allowed and donated value to the Budget of Republic of Macedonia, within five days of receiving the donation. (5) If the origin of the donation cannot be determined, the participant of the election campaign is obliged within the five days of receiving the donation, to transfer the donated value to the Budget of Republic of Macedonia." Source
Source: Article 20, Electoral code (2018 consolidated text) |
5. Is there a ban on donations from Trade Unions to political parties? |
Code
No
Comment
The political parties cannot be financed by: - governments, international institutions, bodies and organizations of foreign states and other foreign entities, - state and local bodies with funds other than the ones envisaged in the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia, except the funds envisaged in this Law and the laws on elections, - public institutions, public enterprises, public funds or other legal entities that manage state capital, - public enterprises, public institutions and public funds established by the municipalities, - enterprises that have at least 20% participation of state-owned capital, public institutions and institutions including those that have initiated the process of privatization, - private enterprises that, at the moment of giving the contribution to the political party, render public services to state bodies or public institutions, enterprises and funds based on an agreement, - citizens’ associations (non-governmental organizations), religious communities or religious groups, - funds of enterprises with mixed capital where a dominant owner is a foreign investor, and - anonymous or unidentified sources. Source
Article 20, Law on Financing Political Parties, 2018 |
6. Is there a ban on donations from Trade Unions to candidates? |
Code
No
Comment
Source
Source: Article 83, Electoral code (2018 consolidated text) |
7. Is there a ban on anonymous donations to political parties? |
Code
Yes
Comment
The political parties cannot be financed by: - governments, international institutions, bodies and organizations of foreign states and other foreign entities, - state and local bodies with funds other than the ones envisaged in the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia, except the funds envisaged in this Law and the laws on elections, - public institutions, public enterprises, public funds or other legal entities that manage state capital, - public enterprises, public institutions and public funds established by the municipalities, - enterprises that have at least 20% participation of state-owned capital, public institutions and institutions including those that have initiated the process of privatization, - private enterprises that, at the moment of giving the contribution to the political party, render public services to state bodies or public institutions, enterprises and funds based on an agreement, - citizens’ associations (non-governmental organizations), religious communities or religious groups, - funds of enterprises with mixed capital where a dominant owner is a foreign investor, and - anonymous or unidentified sources. Source
Article 20, Law on Financing Political Parties, 2018 |
8. Is there a ban on anonymous donations to candidates? |
Code
Yes
Comment
"(1) The election campaign may not be financed from: - funds from the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia, except the funds defined in article 86, paragraph (2) of this Code; - funds from the budget of municipalities and the City of Skopje, except the funds defined in article 86, paragraph (2) of this Code; - funds from public enterprises and institutions; - funds from citizens' associations, religious communities, religious groups, and foundations; funds from foreign governments, international institutions, bodies, and organisations of foreign states and other foreigners; funds from joint ventures with dominant foreign capital; and funds from unidentified sources. (2) The election campaign may be financed by: the membership fee of the political party; private persons, up to 3.000 Euro in MKD equivalent; and legal entities, to the amount of 30.000 Euro in MKD equivalent. (3) The election campaign may be financed by donations of private persons and legal entities in a form of money, goods and services in a value that may not exceed the amount determined in paragraph (2), lines 2 and 3 of this article. (4) If the amount of the donation is larger than the amount determined in paragraph (2), lines 2 and 3 of this article, the participant of the election campaign shall be obliged to transfer the difference between the allowed and donated value to the Budget of Republic of Macedonia, within five days of receiving the donation. (5) If the origin of the donation cannot be determined, the participant of the election campaign is obliged within the five days of receiving the donation, to transfer the donated value to the Budget of Republic of Macedonia." Source
Source: Article 83, Electoral code (2018 consolidated text) |
9. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with government contracts to political parties? |
Code
Yes
Comment
The political parties cannot be financed by: - governments, international institutions, bodies and organizations of foreign states and other foreign entities, - state and local bodies with funds other than the ones envisaged in the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia, except the funds envisaged in this Law and the laws on elections, - public institutions, public enterprises, public funds or other legal entities that manage state capital, - public enterprises, public institutions and public funds established by the municipalities, - enterprises that have at least 20% participation of state-owned capital, public institutions and institutions including those that have initiated the process of privatization, - private enterprises that, at the moment of giving the contribution to the political party, render public services to state bodies or public institutions, enterprises and funds based on an agreement, - citizens’ associations (non-governmental organizations), religious communities or religious groups, - funds of enterprises with mixed capital where a dominant owner is a foreign investor, and - anonymous or unidentified sources. Source
Article 20, Law on Financing Political Parties, 2018 |
10. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with government contracts to candidates? |
Code
No
Comment
"(1) The election campaign may not be financed from: - funds from the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia, except the funds defined in article 86, paragraph (2) of this Code; - funds from the budget of municipalities and the City of Skopje, except the funds defined in article 86, paragraph (2) of this Code; - funds from public enterprises and institutions; - funds from citizens' associations, religious communities, religious groups, and foundations; funds from foreign governments, international institutions, bodies, and organisations of foreign states and other foreigners; funds from joint ventures with dominant foreign capital; and funds from unidentified sources. (2) The election campaign may be financed by: the membership fee of the political party; private persons, up to 3.000 Euro in MKD equivalent; and legal entities, to the amount of 30.000 Euro in MKD equivalent. (3) The election campaign may be financed by donations of private persons and legal entities in a form of money, goods and services in a value that may not exceed the amount determined in paragraph (2), lines 2 and 3 of this article. (4) If the amount of the donation is larger than the amount determined in paragraph (2), lines 2 and 3 of this article, the participant of the election campaign shall be obliged to transfer the difference between the allowed and donated value to the Budget of Republic of Macedonia, within five days of receiving the donation. (5) If the origin of the donation cannot be determined, the participant of the election campaign is obliged within the five days of receiving the donation, to transfer the donated value to the Budget of Republic of Macedonia." Source
Source: Article 83 Electoral code (2018 consolidated text) |
11. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with partial government ownership to political parties? |
Code
Yes
Comment
The political parties cannot be financed by: - governments, international institutions, bodies and organizations of foreign states and other foreign entities, - state and local bodies with funds other than the ones envisaged in the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia, except the funds envisaged in this Law and the laws on elections, - public institutions, public enterprises, public funds or other legal entities that manage state capital, - public enterprises, public institutions and public funds established by the municipalities, - enterprises that have at least 20% participation of state-owned capital, public institutions and institutions including those that have initiated the process of privatization, - private enterprises that, at the moment of giving the contribution to the political party, render public services to state bodies or public institutions, enterprises and funds based on an agreement, - citizens’ associations (non-governmental organizations), religious communities or religious groups, - funds of enterprises with mixed capital where a dominant owner is a foreign investor, and - anonymous or unidentified sources. Source
Article 20, Law on Financing Political Parties, 2018 |
12. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with partial government ownership to candidates? |
Code
No
Comment
"(1) The election campaign may not be financed from: - funds from the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia, except the funds defined in article 86, paragraph (2) of this Code; - funds from the budget of municipalities and the City of Skopje, except the funds defined in article 86, paragraph (2) of this Code; - funds from public enterprises and institutions; - funds from citizens' associations, religious communities, religious groups, and foundations; funds from foreign governments, international institutions, bodies, and organisations of foreign states and other foreigners; funds from joint ventures with dominant foreign capital; and funds from unidentified sources. (2) The election campaign may be financed by: the membership fee of the political party; private persons, up to 3.000 Euro in MKD equivalent; and legal entities, to the amount of 30.000 Euro in MKD equivalent. (3) The election campaign may be financed by donations of private persons and legal entities in a form of money, goods and services in a value that may not exceed the amount determined in paragraph (2), lines 2 and 3 of this article. (4) If the amount of the donation is larger than the amount determined in paragraph (2), lines 2 and 3 of this article, the participant of the election campaign shall be obliged to transfer the difference between the allowed and donated value to the Budget of Republic of Macedonia, within five days of receiving the donation. (5) If the origin of the donation cannot be determined, the participant of the election campaign is obliged within the five days of receiving the donation, to transfer the donated value to the Budget of Republic of Macedonia." Source
Source: Article 83, Electoral code (2018 consolidated text) |
13. Is there a ban on the use of state resources in favour or against a political party or candidate? |
Code
Yes
Comment
(1) For the purposes of the election campaign, use of office premises, office equipment and official vehicles of the state bodies shall be forbidden, except for the persons covered with special provisions on personal protection. Source
Article 8-b, Electoral code (2018 consolidated text) |
14. Is there a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during a non-election specific period? |
Code
Yes, for both natural and legal persons
Comment
The total amount of the individual donation must not exceed the amount of 60 average salaries regarding legal entities and 30 average net salaries regarding natural persons in the Republic, paid in the previous month and published by the State Statistical Office. This amount must not be aggregated more than once in a year. If the amount of the donation exceeds the amount determined in paragraph 1 of this Article, the political party must not use it and shall be obliged to immediately, and at latest within 15 days as of the day of receipt of the donation, return the difference between the allowed and the donated value to the donor. If the origin of the donation cannot be confirmed, the political party shall be obliged to immediately, and within 15 days as of the day of receipt of the donation at latest, to transfer the donated amount to the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia. Source
Article 16, Law on Financing Political Parties, 2018 |
15. If there is a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during a non-election specific period, what is the limit? |
Code
The amount of 60 average salaries regarding legal entities and 30 average net salaries regarding natural persons in the Republic
Comment
Source
Article 16, Law on Financing Political Parties, 2018 |
16. Is there a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during an election? |
Code
Yes, for both natural and legal persons
Comment
The election campaign may be financed by: the membership fee of the political party; private persons, up to 3.000 Euro in MKD equivalent; and legal entities, to the amount of 30.000 Euro in MKD equivalent. Source
Source: Article 83, Electoral code (2018 consolidated text) |
17. If there is a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during an election, what is the limit? |
Code
Private persons, up to 3.000 Euro in MKD equivalent; and legal entities, to the amount of 30.000 Euro in MKD equivalent.
Comment
The election campaign may be financed by: Source
Source: Article 83, Electoral code (2018 consolidated text) |
18. Is there a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a candidate? |
Code
Yes, for both natural and legal persons
Comment
The election campaign may be financed by: the membership fee of the political party; private persons, up to 3.000 Euro in MKD equivalent; and legal entities, to the amount of 30.000 Euro in MKD equivalent. Source
Source: Article 83, Electoral code (2018 consolidated text) |
19. If there is a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a candidate, what is the limit? |
Code
Private persons, up to 3.000 Euro in MKD equivalent; and legal entities, to the amount of 30.000 Euro in MKD equivalent.
Comment
The election campaign may be financed by: the membership fee of the political party; private persons, up to 3.000 Euro in MKD equivalent; and legal entities, to the amount of 30.000 Euro in MKD equivalent. Source
Source: Article 83, Electoral code (2018 consolidated text) |
20. Is there a limit on the amount a candidate can contribute to their own election campaign? |
Code
Yes, donation limit for private persons apply
Source
Source: Article 83, Electoral code (2018 consolidated text) |
21. Is there a limit on in-kind donations to political parties? |
Code
Yes
Comment
The political parties may receive donations in the form of money, tangible assets or services. The political parties may receive non-monetary donations if they, in accordance with their statute, may be used for their activities. The provision of free of charge services for a political party, as well as the provision of services for political parties paid by a third party, in terms of this Law, shall be considered donation. The service provider shall be obliged to notify the political party of the value of the provided service. In terms of this Law, the sale of goods and the provision of services to political parties for prices lower than the market prices shall be considered donation. The seller of goods, i.e. the service provider shall be obliged to notify the political party of the market value of the sold goods, i.e. provided service, and shall deliver invoice thereof. The difference between the market value and the invoice price shall be considered donation. The conditions and limitations referred to in this Law shall apply to all types of donations (monetary assets, equipment and services). Source
Article 15, Law on Financing Political Parties, 2018 |
22. Is there a limit on in-kind donations to candidates? |
Code
Yes
Comment
"The election campaign may also be financed from donations of private persons and legal entities in the form of money and goods and services whose value that may not exceed the amount determined in paragraph (2), indents 2 and 3 of this article."
Source
Article 83 and Article 83-a, Electoral code (2018 consolidated text) |
23. Is there a ban on political parties engaging in commercial activities? |
Code
Yes
Comment
The political parties cannot carry out an economic activity. The political parties cannot acquire other types of incomes, except the following: - interest on a bank deposit, - rent, i.e. lease of movable and immovable property of the party, - incomes from sale of printed, audio and visual and digital publications and advertising materials and other publications where the name or any of the symbols of the political party are affixed, as well as incomes from copyrights, and - incomes from tickets sale for attending events organized for party purposes, where the name or any of the symbols of the political party must be affixed to the tickets. The political parties shall use the incomes referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article solely for carrying out the activities in accordance with the law and the acts of the party. The political parties must not use the incomes referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article for making profit. Source
Article 19, Law on Financing Political Parties, 2018 |
24. Is there a ban on political parties taking loans in relation to election campaigns? |
Code
Yes
Comment
"The financing of election campaigns shall be regulated by special laws that regulate the elections."
"(1) The election campaign may not be financed from: - funds from the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia, except the funds defined in article 86, paragraph (2) of this Code; - funds from the budget of municipalities and the City of Skopje, except the funds defined in article 86, paragraph (2) of this Code; - funds from public enterprises and institutions; - funds from citizens' associations, religious communities, religious groups, and foundations; funds from foreign governments, international institutions, bodies, and organisations of foreign states and other foreigners; funds from joint ventures with dominant foreign capital; and funds from unidentified sources. (2) The election campaign may be financed by: the membership fee of the political party; private persons, up to 3.000 Euro in MKD equivalent; and legal entities, to the amount of 30.000 Euro in MKD equivalent. (3) The election campaign may be financed by donations of private persons and legal entities in a form of money, goods and services in a value that may not exceed the amount determined in paragraph (2), lines 2 and 3 of this article. (4) If the amount of the donation is larger than the amount determined in paragraph (2), lines 2 and 3 of this article, the participant of the election campaign shall be obliged to transfer the difference between the allowed and donated value to the Budget of Republic of Macedonia, within five days of receiving the donation. (5) If the origin of the donation cannot be determined, the participant of the election campaign is obliged within the five days of receiving the donation, to transfer the donated value to the Budget of Republic of Macedonia." Source
Article 36, Law on Financing Political Parties, 2018
Article 83, Electoral code (2018 consolidated text) |
25. Is there a ban on candidates taking loans in relation to election campaigns? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Source
Source: Article 83, Electoral code (2018 consolidated text) |
26. Is there a ban on donors to political parties/candidates participating in public tender/procurement processes? |
Code
No
Comment
The financing of the political parties shall be public and transparent. The financing of the political parties shall be performed transparently, the citizens and the competent body for control of the financial and material operation having a full insight thereof. The sources of financing of the political parties, as well as their expenditures, shall be public and transparent and shall be subject to control conducted by the state bodies responsible for financial and material operation. Source
Article 4, Law on Financing Political Parties, 2018 |
27. Are there provisions requiring donations to go through the banking system? |
Code
Yes
Comment
All funds transferred by legal entities or private persons for financing the election campaign shall be deposited on the bank account from paragraph (1) of this article. The donations for financing the election campaigns may be transferred only onto the bank account from paragraph (1) of this article, and latest by the date determined for submitting the financial report for financing the election campaign defined by article 85, paragraph (1) of this Code Source
Article 71. Electoral code (2018 consolidated text) |
Question | Value |
---|---|
28. Are there provisions for direct public funding to political parties? |
Code
Yes, regularly
Comment
Article 8 The public sources of financing of the political parties shall be the funds foreseen in the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia. Article 9 The total funds for annual financing of the political parties shall amount 0,15% out of the total source incomes of the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia. Source
Article 8 and 9, LAW ON FINANCING POLITICAL PARTIES, 2018 |
29. What are the eligibility criteria for political parties to receive public funding? |
Code
Comment
Article 10 The funds for financing the political parties, in the amount of 30% provided from the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia, shall be allocated equally to all political parties that have won at least 1% of the total votes of the turnout at the last elections for representatives in the Assembly of the Republic of Macedonia, at national level, or at the last local elections in the local self-government unit. The funds for financing the political parties, in the amount of 70% provided from the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia, shall be allocated to political parties whose candidates are elected as representatives in the Assembly of the Republic of Macedonia at the last elections for representatives, proportionally to the number of elected representatives, and to political parties whose candidates are elected as counselors at the last local elections, proportionally to the number of counselors elected. The funds referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article shall be allocated to the political parties based on a decision of the Minister of Justice. The State Election Commission shall submit to the Ministry of Justice a list of the political parties that have won at least 1% of the total votes of the turnout at the last elections for representatives in the Assembly of the Republic of Macedonia, at national level, or at the last local elections in every municipality and in the City of Skopje, at municipal level, i.e. at the level of the City of Skopje. The State Election Commission shall submit to the Ministry of Justice a list per political party of the number of elected representatives in the Assembly of the Republic of Macedonia throughout the Republic and the number of elected counselors at the last local elections throughout the Republic. Article 10-a In addition to the funds referred to in Article 9 of this Law, funds in amount of Euro 280.000 in Denar counter value shall be provided in the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia for annual financing of the party research and analytical centers established by law as part of the internal organization of the political party. The funds referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be planned in the budget of the Ministry of Justice for every fiscal year. The funds referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be distributed in accordance with the law. Source
Art. 10 and 10-a, LAW ON FINANCING POLITICAL PARTIES, 2018 |
30. What is the allocation calculation for political parties to receive public funding? |
Code
Equal Proportional to votes received
Proportional to seats received
Comment
Article 10 The funds for financing the political parties, in the amount of 30% provided from the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia, shall be allocated equally to all political parties that have won at least 1% of the total votes of the turnout at the last elections for representatives in the Assembly of the Republic of Macedonia, at national level, or at the last local elections in the local self-government unit. The funds for financing the political parties, in the amount of 70% provided from the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia, shall be allocated to political parties whose candidates are elected as representatives in the Assembly of the Republic of Macedonia at the last elections for representatives, proportionally to the number of elected representatives, and to political parties whose candidates are elected as counselors at the last local elections, proportionally to the number of counselors elected. The funds referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article shall be allocated to the political parties based on a decision of the Minister of Justice. The State Election Commission shall submit to the Ministry of Justice a list of the political parties that have won at least 1% of the total votes of the turnout at the last elections for representatives in the Assembly of the Republic of Macedonia, at national level, or at the last local elections in every municipality and in the City of Skopje, at municipal level, i.e. at the level of the City of Skopje. The State Election Commission shall submit to the Ministry of Justice a list per political party of the number of elected representatives in the Assembly of the Republic of Macedonia throughout the Republic and the number of elected counselors at the last local elections throughout the Republic. Article 10-a In addition to the funds referred to in Article 9 of this Law, funds in amount of Euro 280.000 in Denar counter value shall be provided in the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia for annual financing of the party research and analytical centers established by law as part of the internal organization of the political party. The funds referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be planned in the budget of the Ministry of Justice for every fiscal year. The funds referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be distributed in accordance with the law. Source
Art. 10 and 10-a, LAW ON FINANCING POLITICAL PARTIES, 2018 |
31. What are the provisions on 'ear marking' direct public funding to political parties (how it should be used)? |
Code
Comment
In addition to the funds referred to in Article 9 of this Law, funds in amount of Euro 280.000 in Denar counter value shall be provided in the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia for annual financing of the party research and analytical centers established by law as part of the internal organization of the political party. The funds referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be planned in the budget of the Ministry of Justice for every fiscal year. The funds referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be distributed in accordance with the law.
"(1) For the fulfilment of the legal obligations of broadcasters, printed media and electronic media (portals) in the sphere of paid political advertising, funds shall be provided from the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia and shall be paid on a separate account of the Ministry of Finance. (2) These funds shall be earmarked solely for the purpose of funding broadcasters, printed media and electronic media (portals) in the sphere of paid political advertising of participants in the election process." Source
Article 10-a, Law on Financing Political Parties, 2018 (consolidated text) Article 76e, Electoral code, 2018 consolidated text |
32. Are there provisions for free or subsidized access to media for political parties? |
Code
Yes
Comment
(1) The Public Broadcasting Service is required to, without compensation, in cooperation with the State Election Commission, inform the citizens on the manner and the technique of voting and to broadcast other information related to the electoral process. (2) During the election campaign, the Public Broadcasting Service is required to provide equitable access to the newscasts, whereby, 30% of the time it shall broadcast information on national and global daily events, 30% of the time on the campaign activities of the ruling political parties, 30% of the time on the campaign activities of the opposition political parties and 10% of the time on the campaign activities of the political parties not represented in the Parliament of RM. (3) The time for informing on campaign activities of political parties shall be distributed in line with the principles of balanced reporting. (4) The Public Broadcasting Service is required to provide regular reporting on the election process for the persons with hearing impairment. (5) During the election campaign, in the first and the second round of voting, the Public Broadcasting Service is required to broadcast free political presentation of the participants in the election process, in line with the principles for balanced coverage of elections, determined in Article 75-а of this Code. (6) The date and the order of the broadcast of free political presentation of the participants in the election campaign shall be determined by drawing of lots. (7) The free political presentation of the TV programmes services of the Public Broadcasting Service should be broadcasted in the period between 16:00 to 23:00 hours. Source
Article 76a, Electoral code, 2018 consolidated text |
33. What criteria determine allocation for free or subsidized access to media for political parties? |
Code
Comment
(1) The Public Broadcasting Service is required to, without compensation, in cooperation with the State Election Commission, inform the citizens on the manner and the technique of voting and to broadcast other information related to the electoral process. (2) During the election campaign, the Public Broadcasting Service is required to provide equitable access to the newscasts, whereby, 30% of the time it shall broadcast information on national and global daily events, 30% of the time on the campaign activities of the ruling political parties, 30% of the time on the campaign activities of the opposition political parties and 10% of the time on the campaign activities of the political parties not represented in the Parliament of RM. (3) The time for informing on campaign activities of political parties shall be distributed in line with the principles of balanced reporting. (4) The Public Broadcasting Service is required to provide regular reporting on the election process for the persons with hearing impairment. (5) During the election campaign, in the first and the second round of voting, the Public Broadcasting Service is required to broadcast free political presentation of the participants in the election process, in line with the principles for balanced coverage of elections, determined in Article 75-а of this Code. (6) The date and the order of the broadcast of free political presentation of the participants in the election campaign shall be determined by drawing of lots. (7) The free political presentation of the TV programmes services of the Public Broadcasting Service should be broadcasted in the period between 16:00 to 23:00 hours. Source
Article 76a, Electoral code, 2018 consolidated text |
34. Are there provisions for free or subsidized access to media for candidates? |
Code
Yes
Comment
"(1) Broadcasters, i.e. the Public broadcasting service, the commercial broadcasting companies and electronic media (internet portals) that decided to cover the elections are obligated to do that in a fair, balanced and unbiased manner in their overall program. (2) Regardless of the language in which they broadcast the program, during the election campaign, broadcasters are required to provide the election campaign participants with equal conditions for access to all forms of electoral media presentation – news, special informative programs (interviews, debates, TV/radio hustings, topical information programs, topical information programs with documentary approach and thematic specialized informative programs), free political presentation and paid political advertising."
"(9) Broadcasters, printed media and electronic media (internet portals) shall also apply the regular pricelists for paid political advertising during the election campaign, whereby the rate for paid political advertising per second shall not exceed the average advertising rate as calculated in the 3 months preceding the day of the announcement of the elections, and (10) Broadcasters, printed media and electronic media (internet portals) in the Republic of Macedonia are required to provide equal access to paid political advertising to all participants in the electoral process."
Source
Article 75, Electoral code, 2018 consolidated text
Article 75f, Electoral code, 2018 consolidated text
|
35. Are there provisions for any other form of indirect public funding? |
Code
No
|
36. Is the provision of direct public funding to political parties tied to gender equality among candidates? |
Code
No
|
37. Are there provisions for other financial advantages to encourage gender equality in political parties? |
Code
No
|
Question | Value |
---|---|
38. Is there a ban on vote buying? |
Code
Yes
Comment
"Any attempted or actual pressure and intimidation of voters or members of their families or their close persons shall be forbidden." Source
Article 8b, Electoral code, 2018 consolidated text |
39. Are there limits on the amount a political party can spend? |
Code
Yes
Comment
When financing the election campaign, the election campaign participant may spend no more than 110 Denars per registered voter in the electoral district i.e. municipality for which they have submitted list of candidate/s, both in the first and the second round of voting. Source
Article 84, Electoral code, 2018 consolidated text |
40. If there are limits on the amount a political party can spend, what is the limit? |
Code
110 denars per registered voter
Comment
When financing the election campaign, the election campaign participant may spend no more than 110 Denars per registered voter in the electoral district i.e. municipality for which they have submitted list of candidate/s, both in the first and the second round of voting. Source
Article 84, Electoral code, 2018 consolidated text |
41. Are there limits on the amount a candidate can spend? |
Code
Yes
Comment
When financing the election campaign, the election campaign participant may spend no more than 110 Denars per registered voter in the electoral district i.e. municipality for which they have submitted list of candidate/s, both in the first and the second round of voting. Source
Article 84, Electoral code, 2018 consolidated text |
42. If there are limits on the amount a candidate can spend, what is the limit? |
Code
110 denars per registered voter
Comment
When financing the election campaign, the election campaign participant may spend no more than 110 Denars per registered voter in the electoral district i.e. municipality for which they have submitted list of candidate/s, both in the first and the second round of voting. Source
Article 84, Electoral code, 2018 consolidated text |
43. Are there limits on the amount that third parties can spend on election campaign activities? |
Code
Yes, spending limit for party/candidate includes spending by other on their behalf
Comment
The political parties may receive donations in the form of money, tangible assets or services. The political parties may receive non-monetary donations if they, in accordance with their statute, may be used for their activities. The provision of free of charge services for a political party, as well as the provision of services for political parties paid by a third party, in terms of this Law, shall be considered donation. The service provider shall be obliged to notify the political party of the value of the provided service. In terms of this Law, the sale of goods and the provision of services to political parties for prices lower than the market prices shall be considered donation. The seller of goods, i.e. the service provider shall be obliged to notify the political party of the market value of the sold goods, i.e. provided service, and shall deliver invoice thereof. The difference between the market value and the invoice price shall be considered donation. The conditions and limitations referred to in this Law shall apply to all types of donations (monetary assets, equipment and services). If the donation is received by the entities listed in Article 20 of this Law, the political parties shall be obliged, within ten days as of the day of receipt of the donation, to notify the donor that the donation is not accepted and to return it within 30 days. Source
Article 15, Law on Financing Political Parties 2018 |
44. Are there limits on traditional media advertising spending in relation to election campaigns? |
Code
No
|
45. Are there limits on online media advertising spending in relation to election campaigns? |
Code
No
|
46. Do any other restrictions on online media advertisement (beyond limits) exist? |
Code
Yes
Comment
"(1) From the day of the announcement of the elections until the beginning of the election campaign, broadcasters, printed media and electronic media (portals) shall not broadcast, i.e. publish paid political advertisements, except for advertisements and announcements for collecting signatures for supporting a candidature of a group of voters."
"(11) The election campaign participant-purchaser of paid political advertising from broadcasters, printed media and electronic media (internet portals) is required to submit a media plan for paid political advertising."
The regulation below applies also to electronic media: "(1) Paid political advertising must be properly and visibly marked as “paid political advertising” and clearly separated from other media contents. (2) The client ordering the advertising must be clearly indicated in all forms of paid political advertising. (3) Participation of minors in paid political advertising shall be prohibited. (4) Broadcasters cannot broadcast paid political advertising during news, special informative programmes, educational and children’s programmes and during live broadcast from religious, sports, cultural, entertainment and other type of events. (5) The public broadcasting service shall not broadcast paid political advertising. (6) For the purpose of providing objective information to the voters about the course of the election campaign and for the purpose of protecting the profession of journalism from any political influence during the electoral media presentation, special information programs must not be used as a form of paid political advertising." Source
Article 75e, Electoral code, 2018 consolidated text Article 75f, Electoral code, 2018 consolidated text Article 76, Electoral code, 2018 consolidated text
|
Question | Value |
---|---|
47. Do political parties have to report regularly on their finances? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Article 25 The political party shall submit the report referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article to the State Audit Office by 31 March for the previous year at the latest together with the annual financial statement referred to in Article 27 of this Law. The political party shall submit the report referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article to the Public Revenue Office by 31 March for the previous year at the latest. The State Audit Office and the Public Revenue Office shall be obliged to publish the received reports on their websites. Article 26 The supervision over the financial and material operation of the political parties shall be conducted by the State Audit Office in accordance with the law and shall be conducted every calendar year for the previous year. The political parties can have only one giro account. If the political party finances itself by providing funds from a loan from commercial banks as well, in addition to the main giro account of the party, the political party may have another, special giro account for the funds provided from the loan. The political party shall have the right to make transfers of funds among its accounts. The party research and analytical center shall have a separate account. In the cases of paragraphs 2, 3, 4 and 5 of this Article, the political parties shall be obliged to submit a financial statement for the material and financial operation of the party. The political parties, in accordance with the legal regulations, shall submit the annual balance sheet for the financial operation to: the Public Revenue Office, the Central Register, and the State Audit Office, and shall be obliged to announce them on their websites. Article 27 The political parties, by 31 March at the latest, shall prepare the annual financial statement for the previous year in accordance with the law. The statement shall contain the financial operation of the account, that is, the accounts of the political party. The annual financial statement shall also contain data on: - the total income including the data on the total amount of donations, gifts, contributions, grants, sponsorships, loan, money, material assets, equipment, services, own incomes, membership fee, legates and other and - the total expenditures. The annual financial statement shall be submitted to the State Audit Office within the period determined in paragraph 1 of this Article. If the State Audit Office establishes irregularities in the annual financial statement of the political party which are contrary to the provisions of this Law, it shall file a motion for initiation of a misdemeanor procedure or shall file a report to the competent public prosecutor in a period of 30 days as of the establishment of the irregularities. The form, design, contents and manner of keeping the financial statement shall be prescribed by the Minister of Finance. An integral part of the form referred to in paragraph 5 of this Article shall be the Instructions for the Manner of Filing in the Annual Financial Statement. The Ministry of Finance shall at least once a year deliver trainings to the political parties concerning the material and financial operation and the manner of filing in the financial statement. Source
Articles 25, 27 and 27a, Law on financing political parties 2018 |
48. Do political parties have to report on their election campaign finances? |
Code
Yes
Comment
"(1) On the eleventh day of the election campaign, the election campaign participant is required to submit a financial report with a specification of costs on the incomes and expenditures on the election campaign bank account from the day when it was opened, until the end of the tenth day of the election campaign. (2) The election campaign participant is required to submit a financial report with a specification of costs on the incomes and expenditures on the election campaign bank account for the second round of voting, one day prior to the administering of the second round of voting. (3) The election campaign participant is required to submit a financial report with a specification of costs on the incomes and expenditures on the election campaign bank account for the second half of the election campaign one day after the end of the election campaign. (4) The reports from paragraphs (1) and (2) of this article shall be submitted on a template adopted by the Minister of Finance, which includes information on the name or title of the donor, type and value of the donations, dates when donations were received and expenditures for each donation as well as incomes and expenditures throughout the election campaign, as well as data on third party donations."
"(1) The election campaign participant shall submit a complete financial report on the election campaign immediately, or not later than 30 days from the day of closure of the bank account from Article 71, paragraph (10)." Source
Article 84b Electoral code 2018 consolidated text Article 85 Electoral code 2018 consolidated text |
49. Do candidates have to report on their election campaign finances? |
Code
Yes
Comment
"(1) On the eleventh day of the election campaign, the election campaign participant is required to submit a financial report with a specification of costs on the incomes and expenditures on the election campaign bank account from the day when it was opened, until the end of the tenth day of the election campaign. (2) The election campaign participant is required to submit a financial report with a specification of costs on the incomes and expenditures on the election campaign bank account for the second round of voting, one day prior to the administering of the second round of voting. (3) The election campaign participant is required to submit a financial report with a specification of costs on the incomes and expenditures on the election campaign bank account for the second half of the election campaign one day after the end of the election campaign. (4) The reports from paragraphs (1) and (2) of this article shall be submitted on a template adopted by the Minister of Finance, which includes information on the name or title of the donor, type and value of the donations, dates when donations were received and expenditures for each donation as well as incomes and expenditures throughout the election campaign, as well as data on third party donations."
"(1) The election campaign participant shall submit a complete financial report on the election campaign immediately, or not later than 30 days from the day of closure of the bank account from Article 71, paragraph (10)." Source
Article 84b Electoral code 2018 consolidated text Article 85 Electoral code 2018 consolidated text |
50. Do third parties have to report on election campaign finances? |
Code
No data
|
51. Is information in reports from political parties and/or candidates to be made public? |
Code
Yes
Comment
Yes, both regularly and in relation to campaigns, concerning both parties and candidates. Source
Article 85b Electoral code 2018 consolidated text "The audit reports on the conducted audit of the financial reports of the election campaign participant shall be published by the State Audit Office on their website within the legally prescribed deadline." Articles 25, 26 and 27, Law on financing political parties 2018 Article 25 The political party shall submit the report referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article to the State Audit Office by 31 March for the previous year at the latest together with the annual financial statement referred to in Article 27 of this Law. The political party shall submit the report referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article to the Public Revenue Office by 31 March for the previous year at the latest. The State Audit Office and the Public Revenue Office shall be obliged to publish the received reports on their websites. Article 26 The supervision over the financial and material operation of the political parties shall be conducted by the State Audit Office in accordance with the law and shall be conducted every calendar year for the previous year. The political parties can have only one giro account. If the political party finances itself by providing funds from a loan from commercial banks as well, in addition to the main giro account of the party, the political party may have another, special giro account for the funds provided from the loan. The political party shall have the right to make transfers of funds among its accounts. The party research and analytical center shall have a separate account. In the cases of paragraphs 2, 3, 4 and 5 of this Article, the political parties shall be obliged to submit a financial statement for the material and financial operation of the party. The political parties, in accordance with the legal regulations, shall submit the annual balance sheet for the financial operation to: the Public Revenue Office, the Central Register, and the State Audit Office, and shall be obliged to announce them on their websites. Article 27 The political parties, by 31 March at the latest, shall prepare the annual financial statement for the previous year in accordance with the law. The statement shall contain the financial operation of the account, that is, the accounts of the political party. The annual financial statement shall also contain data on: - the total income including the data on the total amount of donations, gifts, contributions, grants, sponsorships, loan, money, material assets, equipment, services, own incomes, membership fee, legates and other and - the total expenditures. The annual financial statement shall be submitted to the State Audit Office within the period determined in paragraph 1 of this Article. If the State Audit Office establishes irregularities in the annual financial statement of the political party which are contrary to the provisions of this Law, it shall file a motion for initiation of a misdemeanor procedure or shall file a report to the competent public prosecutor in a period of 30 days as of the establishment of the irregularities. The form, design, contents and manner of keeping the financial statement shall be prescribed by the Minister of Finance. An integral part of the form referred to in paragraph 5 of this Article shall be the Instructions for the Manner of Filing in the Annual Financial Statement. The Ministry of Finance shall at least once a year deliver trainings to the political parties concerning the material and financial operation and the manner of filing in the financial statement. |
52. Must reports from political parties and/or candidates reveal the identity of donors? |
Code
Yes
Comment
The political parties shall keep a register of donations. The register referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall contain the following data: - the name, i.e. name of each donor individually, - the type and value of the donation, and - the date of receipt of the donation. The register referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall also contain data about the paid donations by entities that are directly or indirectly related to the political party or are under its control. The register of donations shall be kept in the form prescribed by the Minister of Finance by a rulebook. The rulebook shall determine the form, contents and manner of keeping the register of donations. The rulebook shall be adopted within a period of six months as of the day of entry into force of this Law. The political parties shall be obliged to publish the register of donations on their website every six months for the past six-month period within a period of 15 days as of the day of expiry of the six-month period or to make it available to the public in any other manner. Source
Article 17, Law on financing political parties 2018 |
53. Must reports from political parties and/or candidates include information on itemized income? |
Code
Yes
Comment
The political parties, until 31 March at the latest, shall prepare the annual financial statement for the previous year in accordance with law. The statement shall contain the financial operation of the account of the political party, as well as the sub-accounts of the local branches. Source
Article 27, Law on financing political parties 2018 |
54. Must reports from political parties and/or candidates include information on itemized spending? |
Code
Yes
Comment
The political parties, until 31 March at the latest, shall prepare the annual financial statement for the previous year in accordance with law. The statement shall contain the financial operation of the account of the political party, as well as the sub-accounts of the local branches. Sources: Article 27, Law on financing political parties 2018 The participant of the election campaign is required on the eleventh day from the day of the election campaign to submit financial report with itemization of expenses on the incomes and expenditures on the election campaign bank account from the day it was open until the end of the tenth day of the election campaign. (2) The participant of the election campaign is obligated one day prior to the second round of voting to submit financial report with itemization of expenses about the revenues and expenditure on the bank account for organization of the election campaign for the second round of voting. Source
Article 84-b. Electoral code 2018 consolidated text |
55. Which institution(s) receives financial reports from political parties and/or candidates? |
Code
Comment
"The political parties, in accordance with the legal regulations, shall submit the annual balance sheet for the financial operation to: the Public Revenue Office, the Central Register, and the State Audit Office, and shall be obliged to announce them on their websites."
"(4) The reports from paragraphs (1) and (2) of this article shall be submitted on a template adopted by the Minister of Finance, which includes information on the name or title of the donor, type and value of the donations, dates when donations were received and expenditures for each donation as well as incomes and expenditures throughout the election campaign, as well as data on third party donations. (6) Reports shall be submitted to the State Election Commission, State Audit Office and the State Commission for Preventing Corruption and they shall publish them on their websites." Source
Article 26, Law on financing political parties 2018 Article 84b Electoral code 2015 consolidated text |
56. Which institution(s) is responsible for examining financial reports and/or investigating violations? |
Code
Auditing agency
Comment
State Audit Office Source The political parties, until 31 March at the latest, shall prepare the annual financial statement for the previous year in accordance with law. The statement shall contain the financial operation of the account of the political party, as well as the sub-accounts of the local branches.
"(1) The participant in the election campaign is required immediately, and latest within 30 days of the day of closure of the bank account of Article 71, paragraph 10, to submit a final financial report for the election campaign. (2) The financial report on the election campaign shall be submitted in a template prescribed in article 84-b, paragraph (3). (3) The financial report shall be submitted to the State Election Commission, State Audit Office, State Commission for Preventing Corruption and the Parliament of the Republic of Macedonia, and for the local elections also to the Municipal Council and the Council of the City of Skopje. (4) The financial report from paragraph (3) of this article shall be published by State Election Commission, State Audit Office and the State Commission for Preventing Corruption on their websites. (5) When the participant of election campaign is a group of voters, the excess of collected funds shall be donated to charity. (6) The State Audit Office shall, within 60 days of the submission of the report from paragraph (1) of this article, conduct a revision. The revision shall include all transactions conducted as of the day of the opening of the election account until its closure. (7) Should the State Audit Office detect irregularities in the financial report of the election campaign participant, which are contrary to the provisions of this Code, the State Audit Office shall initiate a misdemeanour procedure or it shall report the irregularities to the respective public prosecutor within 30 days of the day of its detection. (8) During the revision of the financial report of the participant in the election campaign the State Audit Office has the right to ask for additional explanations and data with the aim of through detection of eventual irregularities. Source
Article 85 Electoral code 2018 consolidated text Article 27, Law on financing political parties 2018 |
57. What power is granted to the institution(s) responsible for examining reports and/or investigating violations? |
Code
Carry out investigation
Request additional information from potential violator
Request additional information from others
Impose sanctions
Comment
The political parties, until 31 March at the latest, shall prepare the annual financial statement for the previous year in accordance with law. The statement shall contain the financial operation of the account of the political party, as well as the sub-accounts of the local branches.
"(1) The participant in the election campaign is required immediately, and latest within 30 days of the day of closure of the bank account of Article 71, paragraph 10, to submit a final financial report for the election campaign. (2) The financial report on the election campaign shall be submitted in a template prescribed in article 84-b, paragraph (3). (3) The financial report shall be submitted to the State Election Commission, State Audit Office, State Commission for Preventing Corruption and the Parliament of the Republic of Macedonia, and for the local elections also to the Municipal Council and the Council of the City of Skopje. (4) The financial report from paragraph (3) of this article shall be published by State Election Commission, State Audit Office and the State Commission for Preventing Corruption on their websites. (5) When the participant of election campaign is a group of voters, the excess of collected funds shall be donated to charity. (6) The State Audit Office shall, within 60 days of the submission of the report from paragraph (1) of this article, conduct a revision. The revision shall include all transactions conducted as of the day of the opening of the election account until its closure. (7) Should the State Audit Office detect irregularities in the financial report of the election campaign participant, which are contrary to the provisions of this Code, the State Audit Office shall initiate a misdemeanour procedure or it shall report the irregularities to the respective public prosecutor within 30 days of the day of its detection. (8) During the revision of the financial report of the participant in the election campaign the State Audit Office has the right to ask for additional explanations and data with the aim of through detection of eventual irregularities. Source
Article 85 Electoral code 2018 consolidated text Article 27, Law on financing political parties 2018 |
58. What sanctions are provided for political finance infractions? |
Code
Source
"Fine in the amount of Euro 1.000 to 2.000 in Denar counter-value shall be imposed to a natural person for a misdemeanor, while fine in the amount of Euro 5.000 to 10.000 in Denar counter-value shall be imposed for misdemeanor to the legal entity, should they act against the provisions referred to in Article 16 paragraph 1 of this Law." Source: Article 28, Law on financing political parties 2018 "In case if the political parties more often than twice a year commit a misdemeanor, as stipulated by this Law, the same shall not be awarded budget funds in accordance with this Law in duration of one year." Source: Article 32, Law on financing political parties 2018 "If the political parties do not act in accordance with Article 15 paragraph 6 of this Law regarding the funds received by the entities referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article, then these funds shall be transferred from the gyro account of the political parties to the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia and shall be used for financing humanitarian activities." Source: Article 20, Law on financing political parties 2018 |