Training manual builds capacity ahead of the general elections in Myanmar.
Search
Region
Country
Type
Members of Parliament discuss constitutional reform, supported by International IDEA’s trusted knowledge resources and workshops
Creating women’s wings within political parties allows women greater influence over policymaking
COVID-19 pandemic has placed unprecedented pressure on countries and states as to whether to hold or postpone scheduled elections, amid controversies in either case.
Myanmar’s 2008 Constitution is hard to amend. It includes a high parliamentary threshold: to pass any amendment proposal more than 75 per cent of parliamentarians need to approve, and also entrenches an effective veto power for the armed forces of Myanmar (the Tatmadaw).
Disclaimer: Views expressed in this commentary are those of the staff member. This commentary is independent of specific national or political interests. Views expressed do not necessarily represent the institutional position of International IDEA, its Board of Advisers or its Council of Member States.
International law is an increasingly relevant consideration in constitution-building.
It is therefore helpful for a constitution to prescribe the effect of international law in domestic law. If all or some international law has automatic effect, it is helpful for the constitution to describe its position in the hierarchy of domestic law.
The increased prevalence of political transitions following internal conflict has seen heightened attention given to both transitional justice and constitution-building as fields of study and intervention.
A federation consists of at least two levels of government, each of which has a degree of autonomy that is protected by a constitution.
Countries with a federal system of government share powers between these levels in different ways, which affects their decision-making processes. The primary focus of this Constitution Brief is the division of legislative power, which typically raises the most difficult questions.
This Constitution Brief discusses the appointment of ministers in different systems of government.
It focuses on the question of whether ministers should have seats in the legislature. It is tailored to the specific needs of the Myanmar context.
The Constitution Brief explores: (a) the appointment of ministers at the union level and (b) the appointment of chief ministers and ministers at the region and state levels.
This Primer discusses independent regulatory and oversight institutions. These are public bodies, politically neutral and independent from the three main branches of government, whose purpose is to ensure the integrity—and improve the quality and resilience—of democratic governance.
ဤသင်ရိုးညွှန်းတမ်းသည် ကျောင်းသားလူငယ်များအတွက်ရည်ရွယ်၍ ရေးဆွဲထားသော စာအုပ်ဖြစ်ပြီး ဆရာများအတွက်လည်း သင်ကြားရေးတွင် အဆင်ပြေချောမွေ့စေရန် ဆရာမှတ်စုများ ထည့်သွင်းထားသည်။ ဤစာအုပ်သည် လူငယ်များကို ဒီမိုကရက်တစ် စံနှုန်းများနှင့် တန်ဖိုးများကို မိတ်ဆက်ပေးခြင်းဖြင့် မျိုးဆက်သစ်မဲဆန္ဒရှင်များနှင့် ခေါင်းဆောင်များပေါ်ထွန်းလာစေရန် ရည်ရွယ်ပါသည်။
ဤသင်ရိုးညွှန်းတမ်းသည် ကျောင်းသားလူငယ်များအတွက်ရည်ရွယ်၍ ရေးဆွဲထားသော စာအုပ်ဖြစ်ပြီး ဆရာများအတွက်လည်း သင်ကြားရေးတွင် အဆင်ပြေချောမွေ့စေရန် ဆရာမှတ်စုများ ထည့်သွင်းထားသည်။ ဤစာအုပ်သည် လူငယ်များကို ဒီမိုကရက်တစ် စံနှုန်းများနှင့် တန်ဖိုးများကို မိတ်ဆက်ပေးခြင်းဖြင့် မျိုးဆက်သစ်မဲဆန္ဒရှင်များနှင့် ခေါင်းဆောင်များပေါ်ထွန်းလာစေရန် ရည်ရွယ်ပါသည်။
In order to ensure that young people are given the knowledge needed to participate in their democratic surroundings from an early age, International IDEA and its two national partners, Scholar Institute and Paññā Institute, are working on the development and implementation of a civic education curriculum geared towards students from ages 13-16 through the EU funded STEP Democracy programme.
After the success of the first Constitution Academy in 2018, International IDEA Myanmar held its second Constitution Academy last month. The programme took place in Pyin Oo Lwin from 27 May to 4 June 2019.
The weeks leading up to a major election are a frenzy of campaigning, speeches, and outreach events. Almost immediately after election day, however, the frenzy dissipates, and people forget about the results and carry on with their lives until the next round of campaigning begins.
Dialogue is a process that helps stakeholders voice their interests and opinions in a non-violent way. There is no guarantee that stakeholders engaged in dialogue will reach agreement on divisive issues, but simply engaging in dialogue with each other may increase respect between participants and build a sense of inclusion over time, allowing for changes needed to create sustainable peace.
Myanmar held credible national elections in 2015 and has followed up with well-run by-elections in 2017 and 2018. But despite these achievements at the national and state/region level, Myanmar has never held a municipal election with universal suffrage. Until 31 March that is.
When elections take place in countries transitioning from authoritarianism to democracy, from deep political crises to stability, or from war to peace, their significance is greater than usual.